A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF
ill the court of the same palace his ' History of
Niobe,' (a sketch for which is in the Palazzo
Corsini,) and some grand compositions of naval
CMnbats ; in San Silvestro a Monte Cavallo, two
subjects from the life of St. Mary Magdalene,
with a very beautiful landscape ; at Naples ' St.
Peter ' and ' St. Paul,' in the churcli of Santa Maria
della Grazie, and several pictures in Sant' Angelo,
in Pascheria. The following of his productions
may still be seen as under :
Milan. Brera. Passage of the Ked Sea. Naples. Museum. Christ bearing the Cross. 1534. Paris. Louvre. Psyche received into Olympus. Kome. Capitol. Mils. Meleager. Vienna. Gallery. Cephalus and Prociis.
CALDECOTT, Randolph, was the son of an accountant at Chester, and was born in that city, March 22, 1846. He was educated at the King's School, Chester, and in his boyish days seems to have shown the bent of his genius in drawings, sketches, and models of animals cut in wood. At the age of fifteen he became a clerk in the Whitchurch Bank, Shropshire, living in an old farm-house near the town, and in this country atmosphere gathered up a store of impressions at such scenes as meets, fairs, and markets, that later yielded rich fruit. He remained at Whitchurch for six j-ears, and was then transferred to the Manchester and Salford Bank at Manchester, where he worked steadily at his duties for five years, meanwhile devoting all his spare time to evening studies in the Manchester Art School, and in summer weather to open-air sketching. In 1868 his first published drawings appeared in a local paper called 'Will o' the Wisp,' to be followed the next year by some contributions to another paper, ' The Sphinx.' At the same time he was painting a little for friends, chiefly hunting subjects, and in 1869 he exhibited a picture at the Manchester Royal Institution. His artistic gifts now appeared so unquestionable, that in 1870, acting on the advice of some friends, lie went to London with a letter of introduction to Mr. Thomas Armstrong of the South Kensington Museum, who throughout his career consistently befriended him. Some drawings of Caldecott's were submitted to Shirley Brooks, and to Mark Lemon, then editor of ' Punch,' also to Mr. Henry Blackburn, who was on the staff of 'London Society,' with the result that the young man became one of the regular contributors to that journal. His water-colours and small oil-pictures also began tohave a widersale, and thus encouraged, he determined to give up his situation in the bank, and to devote himself to art. He came to London early in 1872, and worked for a time in the life class of the Slade School, under Mr. Poynter. In June of the same year his first drawing for ' Punch ' was published. It was the beginning of a long series of work for London illustrated papers .such as the 'Gra|ihic,' the 'Pictorial World,' and the American 'Daily Graphic' In the illustration of books, Caldecott made his first essay in August 1872, when he accompanied Mr. Blackburn to the Harz district, and executed a number of whimsical drawings for a book of summer travels by the latter, 'The Harz Mountains, a Tour in the Toy Country.' In 1873 he went to the Vienna Exhibition, to make drawings for the ' Daily Graphic' Later in the j'ear he worked in M.Jules Dalou's studio at Chelsea, the sculptor having made a compact with Caldecott, who was to teach him English, while he helped the novice with the clay. lu 1876 Caldecott exhibited an oil picture at the Royal Academy, 'There were Tree Ravens sat on a Tree,' and a metal bas-relief, ' Horse Fair in Brittany ' ; but towards the close of the year he began to show symptoms of failing health, and was obliged to winter in the South, whence he brought home innumerable sketches, and there he made the drawings illustrating Mrs. Comyns Carr's 'North Italian Folk.' In 1878 he agreed with Mr. Edmund Evans to illustrate some books for children, to be printed in colour. Of these the following is a complete list, with dates of publication: 'The House that Jack Built' and 'John Gilpin' (1878), 'Elegy on a Mad Dog' and 'Babes in the Wood' (1879), 'Three Jovial Huntsmen ' and ' Sing a Song of Sixpence ' (1880), 'Queen of Hearts' and 'Farmer's Boy' (1881), 'The Milkmaid' and ' Hey-diddle-diddle ' (1882), 'The Fox jumps over the Parson's Gate' and 'A Frog he would a-wooing go' (1883), 'Come, Lasses and Lads ' and ' Ride a Cock Horse to Banbury Cross' (1884),'Mrs.Mary Blaize ' and 'The Great Panjandrum' (1885). Of books illustrated in black and white we may mention Washington Irving's ' Old Christmas ' (1875), and ' Bracebridge Hair (1876), '.ffisop's Fables with Modern In- stances' (1883); also illustrations for several of Mrs. Ewing's books, notably ' Jackanapes ' and ' Lob-lie-by-the-Fire.' Various tours in Brittany in company with Mr. Henry Blackburn were com- memorated by drawings and terra-cotta studies of Breton life. For many years Caldecott suffered from heart complaint, the result of rheumatic fever, and in the winter of 1885-6 he was advised to winter in Florida. He accordingly sailed with his wife for the United States. The season, unhappily, proved abnormally severe. He reached St. Augus- tine's, Florida, but only to die, February 12, 1886. His last work was part of a series of 'American Facts and Fancies ' drawn for the ' Daily Graphic'
CALDERARI, Giovanni Maria. See Zaffoni.
CALDERON DE LA BARCA, Vicente, a Spanish painter, who was born at Guadalaxara in 1762, was a scholar of Francisco Goya, and distin- guished himself as a painter of history and por- traits, particularly the latter, in which he excelled. His best historical picture is the ' Birth of St. Norbert,' in one of the colleges at Avila. He died in 1794.
CALDERON, Puilip Hermogenes, was born in 1833. His father was Juan Calderon, Professor of Spanish Literature at King's College, and his mother was a French lady. He was educated at Leigh's School ; there his intimate friends were Stacey Marks and Walter Thornbury ; and after that he went to Paris with Marks and studied a while under M. Picot. His first exhibited picture was hung at the Royal Academy in 1853, and illustrated the words, ' By the waters of Babylon there we sat down.' His next was not shown till 1855 and was also of a religious character, illustrating the words, ' Thy will be done.' Dp to that time he had remained uncertain whether art was liis true vocation or not, and whether he was ever likely to make a mark in the world, but his third painting, ' Broken Vows,' was not only well received but well hung, sold and engraved, and it also won liini a wife, so that his decision on that score was settled. He married in 1859, was elected A.R.A. in 1864 at the same time as Leighton, and became R.A. in 1867, and Keeper of the Academy in 1887.
He died in April 18ltS- Other notable works
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