PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS
CARAVA6GI0, Polidoro da. See Caldaba.
CARAVAQUE, Louis, a French portrait painter, was a native of Gascony. He went to Russia, and in 1716 painted at Astrakhan the portrait of Peter the Great, which has been engraved by Massard and by Langlois. He again painted the Czar in 1723, and subsequently the Empresses Anne and Elizabeth. He died in Russia in 1752.
CARAVOGLIA, Baetolommeo, was a native of Piedmont, and flourished about 1673. He is said to have been a scholar of Guercino, but Lanzi doubts this, observing that his lights are less lucid and his shadows less deep than those of the genuine followers of that master. Notwithstand- ing this fault, his pictures please by their quiet colour and their originality in design. His best painting is the ' Last Supper,' in the church of Corpus Domini, Turin.
CARBAHAL, Luis de, (Caeabahel, or Caea-BAJAL,) a Spanish painter, was born at Toledo in 1534, and died at Madrid in 1613. He was a pupU of Juan de Villoldo, and was appointed court painter to Philip IL in 1556. He executed numerous paintings in the Esoorial which show firm drawing, good colouring, and great power of religious expression. His best performance is the high altar-piece in the church of the Minimi at Toledo, painted in 1691. A ' Circumcision of Christ' by him is in the Hermitage, St. Peters- burg, and in the Madrid Gallery are a ' Penitent Magdalen' and a 'St. Nicholas of Tolentino.'
CARBONE, Ldigi, a Neapolitan landscape painter, who flourished about 1660, was a native of Marcianisi. He went to Rome, and after study- ing under Paulus Bril, visited Venice, and finally settled at Naples. His landscapes usually portray scenes of storm and flood, and the figures in them are particularly charming.
CARBONI, Feancesco, was a Bolognese, and the pupil of Alessandro Tiarini. He afterwards showed himself an admirer of Guido, and imitated the graceful and elegant style of that master. H« died in 1635. Among his works are noted :
Bologna. S. Martino 1 Crucifixion, with St. Theresa and Maggiore. ) other Saints. S. Faolo. The Entombment of Christ. Servile Fathers.ihe Decollation of St. John the Baptist.
CARBONI, Giovanni Beenaedo, a native of Albaro, near Genoa, was born in 1614. He be- came a scholar of Giovanni Andrea de' Ferrari, and obtained a great reputation in his day, both as an historical and portrait painter. In the latter branch it is said that he painted much in the manner of Van Dyck. He died at Genoa in 1683.
CARDENAS. Bartolome de, was, according to Palomino, a native of Portugal, born in 1547, who when very young went to Madrid, where he be- came the pupil of Alonso Sanchez Coello, and achieved a deservedly high reputation. He painted the greater portion of the cloisters of the convent of Nuestra Senora de Atocha, at Madrid. In the latter period of his life he went to Valla- dolid, where he painted many altar-pieces, and decorated the cloisters of the convent of San Pablo. He died at Valladolid in 1606.
CARDENAS, Fray Ignacio de, was a Spanish engraver, who executed, about 1662, the arms of the families of Cordoba and Figueroa, and some prints of sacred images revered in Cordova.
CARDENAS, Juan de, was the son and pupil of Bartolomi de Cardenas. He flourished at Valla- dolid about 1630, and distinguished himself in painting landscapes as well as fruit and flowers.
CARDI, LoDOVico, called Cigoli, an eminent painter of the Florentine school, was bom at Cigoli, in Tuscany, in 1559. He was first a scholar of Alessandro Allori, but was afterwards instructed by Santo di Titi, whose academy was then the most attended at Florence. He was, however, more indebted to his study of the works of Michelangelo, Andrea del Sarto, and Pontormo than to either of his masters. After tra- velling through Lombardy, he returned to Florence, and was received into the Academy ; his picture of reception was 'Cain slaying Abel.' He was employed by the Grand-Duke in some works for the Pitti Palace, where he painted ' Venus and a Satyr,' and ' 'The Sacrifice of Isaac' His protector sent him to Rome, where he was engaged to paint a picture for St. Peter's, the subject being ' St. Peter healing the Lame Man at the Beautiful Gate of the Temple.' This admirable picture has been considered by many as one of the finest works in the Vatican, after Raphael's ' Transfiguration,' and Domenichino's 'Communion of St. Jerome.' Lodovico Cardi died at Rome in 1613. He painted many easel pictures of saints (more espe- cially St. Francis of Assisi), hermits, and Magda- lens at devotion, which are remarkable for their expression of fervour, contrition, and asceticism, and are generally wrought up to a high degree of finish. The following galleries and churches possess paintings by Cigoli : Empoli. Collegiata. The Last Supper. „ & Croce. Elevation of the Cross. Florence. Accademia. Martyrdom of St. Stephen. „ „ St. Peter walking on the S.^a. „ „ St. Francis receiving the Stig-mata. „ 5. Maria Mag- ) gj_ Albert.' giore. j „ iS. Croce. The Trinity. „ , , The Entry into Jerusalem. „ Uffizi. Martyrdom of St. Lawrence, „ „ Martyrdom of St. Stephen. ,, ,, His own Portrait. „ Pitti Pal. Deposition of the Cross. ,, „ Ecce Homo. „ „ Virgin and Child. „ „ Portrait of a Man, „ „ St. Francis. „ „ The Magtlalen. Sladrid. Gallery. The Magdalene. Munich. Pinakothek. St. Francis. Paris. Louvre. The Flight into Egypt. „ „ St. Francis of Assisi. Vetshrg. Hermitage. David. „ „ Tobias and the Angel. Rome. Borghese Pal. St. Francis. „ Corsini Pal. A Concert. „ & Peters. St. Peter healing the Lame Man. 'S- I St. Jerome. Fiorentim. j S. Paolo fuori ) Conversion of St. PauL le Mura. ) Vienna. Gallery. The Dead Christ. „ „ The Trinity. Cigoli's pictures are occasionally signed with the following monogram: L
CARDISCO, Marco, better known as Marco Calabeese, was born in Calabria about 1486. He is said to have been a pupil of Polidoro da
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