PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS.
for an edition of ' Paradise Lost ' published in 1720.
We have by him :
St. Peter healing the Lame at the Gate of the Temple. The Death of Ananias and Sapphira. The Baptism of the Eunuch by St. Philip. Hercules reposing after his Labours ; fine. Hercules slaying the Wild Boar : JlmsheJ hy Van der Gucht. Twenty-three subjects for his sister Sophie's poetu-al version of the Psalms of David. 1694.
CHERON, Marie Anne, a Frencli miniature painter, and sister of Elisabeth Sophie and Louis Cheron, was born in Paris in 1649. She was by birth a Protestant, but in 1668 became a convert to the Roman Catholic faith. In 1701 she married the painter Alexis Simon Belle, and died not later than 1718.
CHERPIGNON, — , was a French engraver, by whom, amongst other prints, we have a plate representing the 'Holy Family,' in which the Virgin is seated with the Child asleep on her lap, whilst St. Joseph leans on a large stone behind her ; it is after a picture by Laurent de La Hyre. It is etched in a free and spirited style, and retouched with the graver in a masterly manner.
CHERY, Philippe, a French historical and por- trait painter, bom in Paris in 1759, was a pupil of Vien. He took an active part in the French Revo- lution, was wounded at the siege of the Bastille, and on the 18th Brumaire left France, to which he did not return till 1802. He painted 'The Annun- ciation' in the church of Generville, ' St. Benedict receiving the Viaticum,' and two other religious subjects, which are in the church of Boulogne-sur- Mer, 'St. Cecilia,' in the Benedictine Convent in the same town, and several other scriptural and religious subjects. He also painted ' The Treaty of Amiens,' for which he received the prize of 12.000 francs in the competition in the year XI. ; ' The Death of the Father of Louis XVI.,' exhibited in 1817; 'Thrasybulus re-establishing the Democratic Government at Athens,' which passed into England, 'The Death of Alcibiades,' 'The Birth of Venus,' 'The Toilet of Venus,' and portraits of many of the men of mark of the time. He died in Paris in 1838.
CHESHAM, Francis, a designer and engraver, was born in 1749, and died in London in 1806. We find mention of the following plates by him : Jloses striking the Eock ; after his own design. Distant View of the Iron Mines in Coalbrookdale ; after G. Robertson. 1T88. Several Views ; after Paul Sandhy. Britannia ; after Cipriani. Admiral Parker's Victory in 1781.
CHESNE, Nicolas du. See Dn Chesne.
CHEVALIER, Hippoltte Guillaume Sulpice, better known as Gavarni, a pseudonym which he appears to have borrowed from the place from which he dated his first designs, was born in Paris in 1804. He began life in the workshops of an engineer, where, showing a talent for drawing, he was employed in sketching professional plans ; but not till 1835 did he exhibit any signs of his future skill as a caricaturist. About that date he under- took the editorship of ' Les Gens du Monde,' a series of satirical sketches of Parisian youth. He afterwards conducted the 'Charivari,' and came to England in 1848 in consequence of the French Revolution. Whilst here he published a series of sketches, entitled 'Gavarni in London,' but these did not meet with any great success. He was one of the most clever caricaturists that has ever lived, and hit off, with a few strokes of the pencil, the social life of Paris, from the highest to the lowest grade, with great truth and skill. Among his works we may mention ' Les Enfants Terribles,' ' Les Parents Terribles,' and his 'Maris Venges ; ' he also illustrated some of Hofiraann's and Schmidt's tales in quite a different style. He died at Auteuil in 1866.
CHEVILLET, Justus, was a German engraver, born at Frankfort-on-the-Oder in 1729. He was first a pupil of G. F. Schmidt at Berlin, but after- wards went to Paris, where he was instructed by J. G. Wille. He engraved several plates of subjects, principally from French artists, in a neat style. He died in Paris in 1790. We have by him, amongst others, the following prints :
Portrait of Jean Baptiste SimiSon Chardin ; after Chardin ; his best work. Portrait of M. Lenoir ; after Greuze. La Sant^ portee, and La Saute rendue ; after Ter Borch. A Girl sewing and another spinning ; after Heihnann. A young Girl caressing a bird; after a drawing by mile. The young Coquette ; after J. Raoux. The dangerous Beauty ; after Santerre. The Death of General Moutcalm ; after Watteau.
CHI;VREVILLE. See Langlois de Chevreville.
CHEVRON, BenoIt Joseph, a French line-engraver, was born at Lyons in 1824. He was a pupil of Vibert, and died at Villefranche in 1875. His best plates are the ' Kiss of Judas,' after Ary Schefier, the ' Assumption of the Virgin,' after Guido Reni, and the ' Maison Mame.'
CHIALLI, Vincenzo, was born at Citta di Castello in 1787. After having learned the rudiments of art in that town, he visited Rome at the age of seventeen years, and became a disciple of Camuccini, whom he afterwards imitated. After leaWng Rome he painted religious subjects at Borgo San Sepolcro, Urbino, Pesaro, and Venice, from whence he retraced his steps to Rome; but as the climate did not suit him, he left that city in 1822 and returned to Citta di Castello. He became Director of the School of Painting at Cortona in 1835, and died in 1840. His genre and historical paintings gained him considerable credit. The most important are :
The Mass Palace at Florence. Dante in the Abbey of Fonte Avellana. Raphael aud Fra Bartolommeo iu the Convent of San Marco. The young Kaphael with his Parents.
CHIAPPE, Giovanni Battista, was bom at Novi in 1723. After studying some time at Rome, he settled at Milan, where, according to the Cavaliere Ratti, he painted some pictures which gave promise of great ability. His best work was in the church of Sant' Ignazio at Alessandria, representing ' St. Ignatius with a Glory of Angels,' grandly conceived and composed, the figure of the Saint commanding and majestic, and of a fine expression. This artist died in the midst of a flattering career in 1765 ; and with him, says Lanzi, perished the last remains of Genoese art.
CHIARI, Fabrizio, a painter and engraver, was bom at Rome, according to Orlandi, in 1621. He painted some frescoes in the palaces at Rome, and died in 1695. We have some etchings by this artist after N. Poussin, executed in a scratchy but masterly style, amongst which are:
Mars and Venus, in a landscape ; Fabritius Clarus. 1635. Venus and Adonis ; signed Kicolaus Pussinus in. f.
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