PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS.
ol' UottiTiiam, went to London, ami became r>
member of the St. Martin's Lane Academy. He
etched the ' Italian Fisherman,' after Yernet, and
drew and engraved fifteen views of market towns
in Worcestershire. He eshibited at the Academy
down to 1775.
SANDBERG, Johann Gdstaf, a Swedish painter born in 1782. In tlie Stockhohn Gallery there are three pictures by him — a ' Gustavus Adolphus II. at the battle of Stuhm,' and two single figure pictures. He died in 1854.
SAJvDBY, Paul, was born at Nottingham in 1725. He came to London when he was sixteen years of age, and having shown an early inclin- ation for art. he obtained an introduction to the draughtsmen's room at the Tower. He had studied there about two years when the late Duke of Cum- berland, wishing to have a survey made of the north and M-est parts of the Highlands of Scotland, young Sandby was engaged as draughtsman, under the inspection of Mr. David Watson. In company with that gentleman lie tra%-elled tlnough that most romantic countrj-, and, though the leading object of his tour was the drawing of plans, in his leisure hours he made many sketches of the scenery which surrounded him. From these designs he made a number of small etchings, which were published by Messrs. Kyland and Bryce. Soon after his return from his northern tour, about tlie j'ear 1752, he passed some time with his brother at Windsor, and during his resideiice there made a great number of drawings of views about Windsor and Eton, which were immediaiely purchased by Sir Joseph Banks at good prices. Sandby was ii;vited to accompany that gentleman in a tuui through North and South Wales, and was employed by Sir Watkin M'illiams Wynne to make dr.iwings of the picturesque scenery in that co.intry. Sandby was the first to infuse nature into topographical drawing ; his jiredecessors had been too nmch ac- customed to compose from prints after the " black m: sters," but he looked at nature with a franker eye. To his other acquirements Sandby added etching and engraving in the style known as aqua- tint. He was, perhaps, the first English artist who adopted this style, the secret of which, it is said, was brought into England by the Hon. Charles Greville, who purchased it from Le Prince, a French artist, and communicated it to Paul Satidby. His works in aquatint are very numerous, and were popular at the time they were published. In 1768 he was appointed chief drawi7ig-ma6tcr at the Woolwich Military Academy, which post he re- signed in 1799. He died in London in 1809. Works :
An Aiicieut Beech True. vVoulA Kensinyton.) Llaufhiif Cathedral, (/to.i The Eouud Temple. (7'...) Landscape, with Dray and Figures. {Do.) Chepstow Castle. {iJu. > "Warwick Ca.=itle, with ]iri(ige aud 'Weir. (Do.) Village Street. IDo.)
SANDBY, Thomas, brother of the aquarellist, Paul Sandby, was pre-eminently an architect, but claims mention as a clever draughtsman, of great artistic feeling. He was born at Nottingham in 1721, and was, like his brother, first employed ns a military draughtsman. In this capacity he held an appointment under the chief engineer in Scotland, aud rendered the Government the service of giving the first intelligence of Prince Charles Edward's landing in 1745. He was subsequently appointed draughtsman to the Duke of Cumberland, whom he accompanied to Flanders, and Deputy-Hanger of Windsor Park. He published eight drawings illus- trating improvements made by him in the park, and many other drawings by him are in the royal collection at Windsor, in the British Museum, and i 1 the Sloane Museum. He died at the Ranger's House at Windsor, on the 25th June, 1798.
SANDE-BACKHUIZEN. See Backhuizen, Hendrik.
SANDER, Johann Heinrich, painter, oorn at Hamburg in 1810, painted sea-pieces and landscapes,
- ind made a hit with a ' View of Heligoland.' He
died in 1865.
SANDERAT, Etienne, a Freneli miniaturist of the 15th century, known as having produced in 1447, for Jean de Chalon, Seigneur de Vitteau, the 'Proprietez des Choses,' illustrated with fifty miniatures.
SANDERS, Catharina, called Van HiiSi.-^ssEN. or Heemsen, was the daughter and pupil of Jan Sanders. She married Christian de Murien, the organist of the church of Notre Dame at Antwerp. He was a musician of repute in the Low Countries, and known generally as Christinano. He resigned his post in 1556, and the pair accompanied Mary of Hungary to Spain. Catharina painted portraits of small size. A tine example of tnese is to be seen in the Loudon National Gallery. It represents a fair- haired man dressed in black. In 1868, there was in the possession of il. Lescart, lawyer at Mous, a ' Virgin and Child,' with a background of snowy landscape, painted on panel, and signed, Caterina de Hemisstnt pinrjebat. The dates of her birth and death are unknown.
SANDERS, (or Sandbes,) Frans, a Flemisli painter of the 16th century, who, in 1526, painted a 'Last Judgment ' for the ' Salle des Plaids ' of the Grand Council of Mechlin. In Margaret of Austria's Collection there was a ' Little Madonna ' by him, which Albrecht Diirer greatly conunended.
SANDERS, George L., miniaturist, was born at Kingliorn, in Fifeshire, in 1774. He studied under Smeatuii, a well-known coach-painter in Edinburgh, and then devoted himself to miniature painting and giving drawing lessons. He also produced a i'anorama of Edinburgh. In 1807 he went to London and painted numerous nuniatures, among them the Princess Charlotte, the Duke nf Cumber- land, Prince George, Lady Clementina Villiers, and Lord Byron. About 1812 he turned his attention to life-size portraits in oil, in which also he had great success from the commercial point of view. He frequently visited the continent, whence he brought home manj' excellent drawings from the Old Masters, tueniy-sis of which now hang in the Scottish National Gallery. His portraits are common in English country-houses, but few have yet found their way into public collections. He died in London in 1846.
SANDERS, Gerard, painter, born at Wesel, in Holland, in 1702, was the pupil uf his father-in-law, Tobias van Nymegen, whom he accompanied to Uiisseldorf, and there continued his studies. He afterwards was associated with his uncle, Elias van Nymegen, at Rotterdam, in producing designs for tapestries. lie died in 1767.
SANDERS, Jan, called Van IIemessen, or Heemsen, a Flemish painter of the 16th century, was born at Hemixem, near Antwerp. He was a member of an artist family of tome repute, as to whom litt;e
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