THE CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA
Articles, aiMUiomd to the complete work, .■oippli/ing infurmntion chiefly about prominent persons deceased, dioceses
erected, ecck.tiwilical legislation ciiiicltd, (iitti xiil)Jecls sitffycstcd xince the issue of Die vuluiiies
in which these subjects miijhl have appeared in alpluil)etical order.
Aarhus (Arusia), Ancient See op (Arusiensis), (Luke i, 1-4; Acts i, 1-2). The unity of their author-
in Denmark. The diocese inchided the provinces ship can be proved critically by their language, style
(amter) of Aarhus and Randers, the islands of Samso and plan of narrative, and by their unity of scope and
and Tuno, and, after 1396, part of the province of Vi- doctrine. The occasional substitution of the first per-
borg. Frode, King of Jutlanil, buili the church of the son plural for the third person so far from impairing
Holy Trinity at Aarhus about 900. In 948 Arch- only establishes more strongly their unity of compo-
bishop Adaldag^of Hamburg consecrated Reginbrand sition and authenticity. The relations of Luke with
as missionary Bishop of Aarhus. After the latter's
death in 988 all Jutland was united in one diocese,
with Ribe or Viborg as its centre. It was redivided
in 1060, and one Christian was ordained Bishop of
Aarhus by Adalbert I, Archbishop of Hamburg.
Another bishop, Ulfketil (1102-34) planned the town
of Aarhus. The warUke Svend . Udsson (1166-91)
founded the Cistercian abbey at Om. His successor,
Peter Vagnsen, began in 1201 the Cathedral of St.
Clement. Near it lay the wooden church built by
Bishop Ulfketil in 1102 to contain the relics of St
the chief founders of the Church in Palestine, and
with Paul, the Apostle of the Gentiles; his industry
and dihgence as an eye-witness and in examining
witnesses; the remarkable agreement of the Acts of
the Apostles with the Epistles of Paul and with the
more genuine historical records, all go to show that
Luke had at his command most trustworthy sources,
and that he used them in such a manner as to make
his work historically authoritative. This authority
is not diminished by the difficulties alleged against
the supernatural facts he records, by his manner of
Clement. About 1150 the Venerable Niels, Prince of condensing statements, by apparent disagreements
Denmark, died and was buried in St. Clement's
churchyard. The offerings at his tomb facilitated
the commencement of the new stone cathedral. This
waa finished about 1263, but in 1330 the greater part
of it was burnt down. Peter Jensen Lodeliat (1.386-
95) and Bo Magnus.sen (139.5-1423) were the prelates
mainly concerned in the erection of the fine btlilding
extant to-day. The la.st Catholic bishop, Ove Bilde
(imprisoned 1536), and Paulus Helia?, prior of the Car-
melite monastery at Elsinore, attempted in vain to
stay the progress of the Reformation at Aarhus. There
were in the diocese: a chapter with 34 prebendaries at
Aarhus cathedral; Benedictines at Essenbeck, Voer,
Ailing, and Veirluv; August inian Canons at Tviluni,
Cistercians at Om, who suri'ived tiU 1560; and Car-
thusians at Aarhus. There were also Franciscans at
Horsens and Randers, Dominicans at Aarhus, Hor-
sens, and Randers, Carmelites and a hospital of the
Holy Spirit at Aarhus. There were Hospitallers of St.
John till 1.568 at Horsens. Lastly there were Brigit-
tines at Manager from 1412 to 1592.
At Aarhus there is now a Jesuit.s' college with a fine church, as well as a large hospital in charge of the
with profane or BibUcal history, or by apparent in-
consistencies with his own or with other scriptural
wTitings.
Ada ApoitoUccc Sedis (26 June, 1913) ■ Rame (.5 July, 1913).
Adelard of Bath, a twelfth-century Scholastic phi- losojjher, b. about 1100. Adelard was probably an Enghshman by birth; he seems to have studied at Tours and Laon and probably taught at Laon and at Paris. He was one of the first medieval scholars to seek knowledge by traveUing in Greece and .\sia Minor. It was these journeys that, apparently, brought him into contact with the learning of the Arabians, which he utilized especially in the discussion of physical and physiological problems. He wrote a translation of Euchd's geometry from the Arabic, and composed two original treatises entitled "De eodem et diverso" and "Quaestiones naturales". The former was edited in 1903 and printed in Baumker's "Beitrage"; the latter exists in an edition dated 1477. Adelard was a pro- noiinced Platonist in psychology' and metaphysics, while he opposed the Platonic doctrine of realism in his theory of universals. His position in regard to
Sisters'of St. Joseph of Chamb^ry, who also have the latter question was that of Walter of Montague,
— -- - ---- and the other Indmerentists. His most noteworthy
contribution to psychology is his attempt to localize mental functions, in which he shows the influence of Galen and the Arabians.
Baumker, Beitrage zur Oesch. der Phil, des MiUelaUers, IV (Munster. 1903). 1; De Wulf. Hist, of .Medieval Phil., tr. Cofpet (New York. 1909). 186; Tdrner, History of Philonovhy (Boston, 1903). 283 sqq.
WiLLI.WI TORNER.
Alarcdn, Pedro Antonio de, novelist and poet, b. at Guadix, Spain, in 1833; d. at Valdemoro, near Madrid, in 1891. After having shown abihty for various questions about the Acts: The author of journalism at his native place he went to Madrid the Acts of the Apostles is Luke the Evangelist, as where he came into prominence, especially when at is clear from Tradition, internal evidence in the Acts the outbreak of the Revolution of July, 18.54, he themselves and in their relation to the third Go.spel edited the republican journal "El Ldtigo". A year XVI.— 1 1
hospitals at Horsens and Randers, which last two
towns also contain Catholic churches.
Bacdrillart, Dictionnaire d'histoire ecclisiastique, I (Paris, 1909-12), coll. 3. 4 : .Hcriplores rerum danicarum, V, 231-302; VI, 176-519; VII. 209-216; Hoffmeyeh, Blade af Aarhus Bys HiUarie. I (Copenhagen, 1904-06).
A. W. Taylor. Abo, Antient See op. See Finland, Grand
DrcHY OF.
Acts of the Apostles. — The Biblical Commission, 12 June, 1913, published the following answers to
