CAGLI
140
CAHILL
fonso Lasso Sedeno (1597), commissioned by Clement
VIII to reform the convents of Sardinia; Francesco
Esquivel (1605), founder of the seminary; Ambrogio
Machini, General of the Mercedarians, historian of
Cagliari and advocate of the canonization of Lucifer.
In time several other sees were united to Cagliari:
Doglia (the ancient Bona Dola), incorporated with
Cagliari by Julius II; Forum Trajani, which in the
fifth century had its own bishop, and is believed to be
the present Tortoli; Fasiana (Phausania), mentioned
by St. Gregory the Great; Suello (Susaleo), which in
the ninth century had its own bishop, and was united
to Cagliari by Martin V (1427). The cathedral was
built by the Pisans, but has undergone many restora-
tions in the barocco style. The archdiocese has 143-
000 inhabitants, 81 parishes, 118 churches and
chapels, 162 secular, and 38 regular priests, and con-
tains 7 religious communities of men and 2 of women.
The suffragans arc < ialtelli-Nuoro, Iglesias, Ogliastra.
Cappelletti. Li chiese d' Italia (Venice, 1844), XIII; Ann.
eccl. (Rome, 1907). tj_ BeniGNI.
Cagli e Pergola, Diocese op (Calliensis et Per- gtjlensis), situated in Umbria (Italy), in the Prov- ince of Pesaro, suffragan of Urbino. Cagli is the old Roman colony of Gallium. The first known bishop was Gratianus who, in 359, assisted at the Council of Rimini; in 500 we meet the name of Viticanus, present at the council of Rome, held on account of Pope Symmachus; in 751 Anastasius attended the Council of Rome held against the Iconoclasts. In 1045 Bishop Luitulphus resigned his see and devoted himself entirely to works of piety. St. Ranieri, a Benedic- tine, governed Cagli from 1156 to 1175, and was then transferred to Spalato (I)almatia), where he was killed by some Slavs (1180) for having claimed for the church lands occupied unjustly by them. Bishop Egidio (1243-59) had many controversies with the municipality of Gubbio. Under his successor the Ghibellines revolted against the papal power. After the death of Bishop Jacopo (1276), the Ghibelline canons wished to elect a noble, Berardo Berardi, while the Guelphs elected Rinaldo Sicardi, Abbot of San Pietro di Massa. As a result the see remained vacant for some years. Finally Berardo was made bishop of Osimo, and Sicardi died, whereupon a cer- tain Guglielmo was elected bishop (1285). Civil dis- cords, however, did not cease, and after a terrible massacre, Cagli was burned by its own citizens. It was afterwards rebuilt on the plain of St. Angelo, and Nicholas IV named it St. Angelo of the Pope (5. Angela papak). Later on, however, the original name of Cagli was substituted. In 1297 the first stone of the cathedral was laid by the Bishop Litu- ardo Cervati, and in 1398 Niccolo Marciari brought the building to completion. In 1503 the partisans of Csesar Borgia killed the Franciscan bishop Gasparo Golfi. His successor, a Spanish Dominican, Ludo- vico di Lagoria, was nearly killed by the people. Gio- vanni Taleoni (1565) introduced the Tridentine re- forms; Filippo Bigli (1610) restored the episcopal palace and governed with great wisdom; Bishop Ber- tozzi (1754) built the seminary. Mention should also be made of the pious and zealous Alfonso Cingari (1807-17). In 1S17 Pergola which had been in the Diocese of Urbino was raised to the rank of an episcopal city and united to the See of Cagli. The diocese contains 30,000 Catholics, with 51 parishes, 102 churches and chapels, 102 secular, and 8 regular priests. It has 9 religious houses, among them the celebrated Camaldolese Abbey of Fonte Avellana. At an earlier period the Benedictine monasteries of San Geronzio, founded about 700, and San Pietro della Massa, founded in 850, were very famous.
Cappblli mi. /< .',,.., d'ltalia (Venice, 1844); Ann. eccl. (Home, 1907). 351 52.
U. Benigni.
Cahier, Charles, antiquarian, b. at Paris, 26 Feb.,
1807; d. there 26 Feb., 1882. He made his prepara-
tory studies at the College of Saint-Acheul, and en-
tered the Society of Jesus 7 Sept., 1824. For some
years he taught successively in its colleges at Paris,
Brieg in the Swiss Canton of Wallis, at Turin, and at
Brugelette in Belgium. The greater part of his life,
however, was devoted to the collection, classification,
and interpretation of the countless treasures of medie-
val art surviving in France, Belgium, Germany, and
elsewhere in Europe. They interested him not only
as relics of its artistic skill, but chiefly as evidences of
its Catholic faith. As early as 1840 he began his col-
laboration with his Jesuit confrere, Father Arthur
Martin, an excellent draughtsman, and chief collector
of the mass of artistic material that Father Cahier
classified and interpreted in the light of Cath-
olic faith and theology. Their first important work
was a folio on the thirteenth-century stained glass of
the cathedral of Bourges, "Monographie de la cathe-
drale de Bourges, premiere partie. Vitraux du XIII e
siecle " (Paris, 1841-44); the substance of it isinMigne
(Guinebaut), "Diet, d'lconographie" (Paris, 1858),
921-38. Their most characteristic work is found in
the valuable " Melanges d'archeologie, d'histoire, et de
litterature" etc. (Paris, 1848-56), four quarto volumes
of illustrated dissertations on gold and silver church-
plate, enamelled ware, carved ivories, tapestries, bas-
reliefs, and paintings belonging to the Carlovingian
and Romanesque periods (ninth to twelfth century).
This important contribution to the history of medie-
val art was followed later by four more volumes:
"Nouveaux melanges d'archeologie, d'histoire. et de
literature sur le moyen-age" etc. (Paris, 1874-77), in
the first volume of which is to be found a memoir of
Father Martin by his collaborator. In the meantime
Father Cahier had published a monograph in t wo folio
volumes on the saints as grasped by the popular im-
agination, "Caracteristiques des saints dans l'art pop-
ulate" (Paris, 1867). In spite of his numerous di-
gressions and parentheses, says Father Brucker (Va-
cant, II, 1304), and a somewhat neglected style, Father
Cahier is never wearisome; a vein of kindly but caustic
humour runs through his pages, in which abound pun-
gent words and phrases, dictated, however, by can-
dour and the love of truth. He was deeply versed
in all kinds of curious medieval lore, and particularly
in the "people's calendar" or every-day usages and
customs connected with the liturgical life of the
Church. Specimens of his uncommon erudition in
this respect may be seen in his studies on Christmas
and on Epiphany in " Ami de la religion " (Paris, 1848-
1849), and in his "Calendrier populaire du temps
passe" in "Revue de Fart chivtien" (Paris, 1878).
For his life ami writings Bee Po Paris, 1SS2), I,
Jivi-ii'.; Di- Hu'kih \\a SOHiii Bvooi i . B ! delac.deJ.,I, L'tM-ti.-.; Dvxiil, Etu.l,.-. ,,:,,,:,. ,l":in-. ISO 1 . :i.)3-77,
729-50.
Thomas J. Shahan.
Cahill, Daniel William, lecturer and controver- sialist, born at Ashfield, Queen's County. Ireland. 28 November, 1796; died at Boston. Massachusetts. U. S. A., 28 October, 1864. The third son of Daniel Cahill, a civil engineer, he was sent to Carlow Col- lege, and in 1816entered Maynooth. where he became proficient in natural philosophy and languages. He was ordained a priest after lie had passed through the Dunboyne establishment, and in 1825 was ap- pointed professor of natural philosophy at Carlow College where he taught for some years. He then opened a school at Seapoint, Williamstown, which he conducted from 1S35 to 1841. Meanwhile he wrote largelv for the press, and for a time edited
the Dublin "Telegraph". He became a distinguished
preacher and lecturer, and his vigorous attacks on
the Government and the Established Church of [re- land extended his reputation in all directions. In
