CANAL
242
TABLE II
Quebec
Ontario
Nova
Scotia
New
Brunswick
Manitoba
Columbia
Prince
EDW IBD
Island
Catholics
Anglicans
Presbyterians
Methodists
1,429,260
81.563
58,013
42,014
390,304
367.937
477.386
666.3S8
129,578
66,107
106,381 57,490
125,698
41,767
39,496
35,973
35.672
44,922
65,348
49,936
33,639
40.689
34.081
25 047
45,796
5,976
30.750
13.402
North-West Ti
Alberta
Saskatchewan
Assiniboia
Yukon
Others
Grand Total
Catholics
Anglicans
Presbyterians
Methodists
12,957
s.s.ss 1(1.655 9,623
6,453
6,392
2,136
969
10.663
10,086
15,015
11,559
4,453
2,632
3,130
1,864
5,127
3.661
51
2,621
2.229.600
680,6 10
842.442
916.SS6
of the Catholic population in the several provinces of
the Dominion of Canada during the latter half of
the nineteenth century; the object of Table II is
to present at a glance a comparison between Cathol-
icism and the more numerous of the Protestant sects
in each province. He will see that the Catholics of
Canada, 2,229,600 faithful (census of 1901), form 42
per cent of the total population of 5,371,315. Of
these Catholics, 1,430,000, viz. about three-fifths, are in
the province of Quebec, the remaining 800,000 being
scattered throughout the different parts of the Domin-
ion, more or less intermingled with the Protestants.
Catholicism gains chiefly by the birth-rate. Its
numbers were thus increased during the last ten
years by 250,000, a gain which exceeds that of all the
Protestant sects combined. In the ordinary inter-
course of life Catholics and Protestants live in concord
and work together harmoniously for the common
welfare of Canada. See the articles British Colum-
bia; New Brunswick; Manitoba; Nova Scotia;
Ontario; Quebec; Prince Edward Island; Sas-
katchewan (Alberta); North-West Territories:
Kbewatin; Yukon; Athabasca; Mackenzie; Un-
gava.
General History of Canada. — Charlevoix, Histoire et description g, iterate de la Nouvelle-France (13 vols., Paris, 1744); Relations des Jesuites (3 vols., Quebec, 1S58); these two works, as well as the Relations ineaites de la Nouvelle-France (1672-1779) (2 vols., Paris. 1861). and other documents, have
],,;■ 1 1 e 'In i :ui<1 |iuHnln'<l with an Km-li-ii tr hv Tiiu w ri s.
The Jesuit Relations (1610-1791) (73 vols.. Cleveland, Ohio, 1896-1901 ); Sagard, Histoire du Canada et Voyages que les Peres recollets g onl faits (3 vols., Paris. 1636); Sixtus le Tac, Histoire ehronologigne de la Nouvelle-France ou Canada, ed. R.EVEILLAUD (Paris, 1888); Leclerc, Etablisscment de la foi dans la Nouvelle-
France (Paris, 1690); Hennepii
tres grand pays silue dans I'An Relation eilingee d< quelquet mi i
, ti from the Italian 1 I in >\ '. i , l<> Nou > I ■ ■ 1603) (Quebec. 1891 >; Faillon, l Canada (3 vols., Montreal, 1S(
Nouvelle decouverte
■ique (1697-98); Bressani,
\- des Peres <lc la Compagnie
M Mir. Montreal, 1852);
I hamplain (1540-
iatoirt d> la Colonic francaisc
- d'histoire
du Canada (from the beginning t.i 1760' (Quebec, 1861-1865);
Garneau, Histoire du Canada (to 1841) (3 vols.. Quebec,
1845-48); Turcotte, Le Canada sous I'Union (1S41-1S67)
I _' rols., Quebec); RamEAU, La France aux Colonies (Paris,
1859): de Rochemonteix, Les Jesuites et la Nouvelle-France
(3 vols., Paris. 1896i; Parkman, The Jesuits in North I
'. li.i lull. ISMI., Poo. i Fiaue. .,,11,, A em II orld\ I III NI\,
La Nouvelle- France (Paris, 1900); Ragey, Une nouvelle France (Paris, 1902); Tetu, Les eveques de Quebec (Quebec, 1889); Pagni i i.o. Etudes historiques el legates sur In liberie relig- ieuse en Canada (Montreal, 1872); Christie, History of the late Province of Lower Canada, parliamentary and political (6 vols., Quebec, 1842); Tanguay, Repertoire du clerge canadien (Quebec, 1868-69); Marory, Mimoiret et documents pour servir a Vhistoire des origines francaises des pai/s d'Outr, \l< (Paris, 1879-88); Guerahd, La Fran, Uuation
religieuse in Le Correspondant, 1877; Gosselin, L'Eglise du Canada, in Revo, ,/,, clergi francais (1895); Mandements et Leltres < Q bee (6 vols., Quebec, 1888-89);
Meilleuu, Memorial de ['Education du Bas-Canada (Quebec. 1876); Chapais, Jean Tallon, intendant de la Nouvelle-France (Quebec, 1904); Rochemonteix, Les Jesuites et la NouveUt- .,„ XVIII' Steele (1906); Ewart. The Manitoba School Question: Howley, Canadian Sketches in Ir. Ec. Rec., XI
(1S90). 43-53; Hughes. Quebec and the French Canadians in
The Messenger (New York), 1S98, 1122-26; Thi Separate
School Question in < anada, il,i,l., 190.",. 177-92: M< Kenna.-I
Centiirij of Catholieitii in Canada in The Catholic World (New
York). L., 229-39; Elliott, The Missionary Outlook in Can-
ada, Ibid., LXIII, 391-96; Shea, Whi, is Canada not a Part of
the U. S. in U. S. Cath. Hist. Mag., Ill (1890). 113-27; Grip-
fin, Father Lotbiniere, a Canadian Patriot of the Eighteenth
Cent, in Am. Cath. Hist. Soc. Res., XV (1903). 09-82.
II. Special Works. — (1) Quebec: Casgrain. Hist, de la Mire Marie de V Incarnation, preceded by a sketch of the re- ligious history of the early years of this colony (Quebec, 187S); Letlres de Mere Marie de VIncarnation (Paris. 1684>; Gosselin, Vie de Mgr. de Laval, premier ,i,que de Quebec (1622—1708) (2 vols., Quebec, 18S2); Tetu, Histoire du palais episcopal de Quebec (18961; Roy, L'Universite Laval et les fetes du cin- guantenaire (Quebec, 1903). (2) Montreal: Casson, Histoire de Montreal (Montreal, 1S69); Faillon, Vie de la Mire Bour- geoi/s (Paris 1853); Vie de Mile Mance, fondatrice de V II, ,1,1- Dieu de Ville-Marie (Paris. 1854); lie de Mme d'Youville, fondatrice des Sa-urs Crises (Pans, 1S52); Brumath, Histoire populaire de Montreal (Montreal, 1890); Mandements et cir- cvlaires des eveques de Montreal (10 vols., Montreal, 1S87); Minioires et documents rela/ifs o Vhistoire du Canada (9 vols.. Historical Society <if Montreal, 1859-80'; Le dioe.se de Montreal a la fin du XIX e
'Eglise au Canada, in
(3) Acadia: Rameau d.
Amirique, V Acadie (2 v
inage au paus aVEvangi,
ciens et les pr.lr, ■'.
1762) (Quebec. 1897 : I
lost chapter of America!
rier, Le P. Lef.l,,,; et I
Histoire de V Acadie fran
The North-West : Les m
la propagation de la Foi
(Paris, 1903), VI, Am,.
Tache, arch, eigne de Sax
QUET, Vie de Mgr. Gran
190H; Tassk, Les Can,
1S7S); Ti. hi .
L'orgaiu ,■
■ ■ .■ ■, :.■' ■ ("her. 1906).
I ' colonic jeodale en
is, 1889 . Casgrain, Unpeler- ,■:... , I^n ; lii m. ,
■ Etrangeres en Acadie (1676- i, 1 ' '. 1/ 1 ■ i Unks of a J v.J- . Montreal, 1895 ; Poi- (Montreal, 1898 ; M aurault,
598-1755 . I'-ir . 1873 I
nth, ,l.i, i ■ Lyons . [nnales de
- I'io i i . I.. i t ran,
,r„p,e: Dom Benedict, Vis de Mgr.
,■ I /: ' '■ (Si Boniface, 1905); Jon-
i ; • ..' So, nl- Albert (Montreal,
io,l,, ns ,:■ rtluest r2 v..|- , Montreal. Hi,,,,.. ,le missions dans le Nord-Quest de 1S66); EsquLsse sur le Nord-Ouest de VAmericpu Montreal, 1S69); Dugas. Mgr. Provencher et les Missions d. hi Riviere Rouge (Montreal, 1SS9); Cooke, Sketches of the Life of Mgr. de Mazenod (2 vols.. London, 1879); Arnould. La vie religieuse au Canada, in Le Can dant (Oct., 1906); Le Canada ecclesiastique (Montreal, 1908). A. Fournet.
Canal, Jose de la, ecclesiastical historian, b. of poor parents, at Ucieda, a village in the province of Santander, 11 Jan.. 17HS: d. at Madrid. 17 April, 1S45. Under the care of an uncle, an Augustinian friar, he studied in the Dominican and Augustinian convents of Burgos; at Burgos, in 1785, he was for- mally received into the Augustinian Order. Subse- quently he became professor of philosophy, fij the convent of his order at Salamanca, and then at Burgos. Returning from the latter place to Sala- manca he was librarian of the university, from 17S9 to 1800. After passing four years at Toledo, he came to Madrid, where he taught philosophy in the College of San Isidro. On account of certain articles in a paper of liberal tendencies called " II Universal " he was, on the return to Spain of King Ferdinand VII, confined for one year in a convent near Avila. At
