HYGINUS
593
HYGINUS
Meanwhile Father Daniel Murphy had come to India
with Bishop Carew in 1839, and was given the mission
of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. In 1840 he began
to build a cathedral in the latter place. It was com-
pleted in 1850. In 1842 he erected a church at Bo-
larum. He was chosen as coadjutor to Mgr. Fennelly
and consecrated 11 October, 1846, at Kinsale, Ireland.
On 20 May, 1851, the mission of Hyderabad-Deccan
was made a Vicariate Apostolic with Bishop Murphy as
its first vicar. His territory covered all the present Dio-
cese of Hyderabad with the exception of Moodgul and
Raichur, which were not added until 1886. Mgr.
Murphy had only four missionaries to assist him
(Fathers O'Brien, Drake, Hampson, and Queen, all
Irish); two of these were at Secunderabad, one at
Masulipatam, and one at Hyderabad. The new vicar
erected a college near Hyderabad. In 1854 he ap-
plied to the Foreign Mission Seminary at Milan for
more missionaries, and Fathers Pozzi and Barbero
were sent to him. There were some British regiments
quartered near Secunderabad, and the Catholic popu-
lation of the place thus went up to 4000. Besides the
college he built an orphanage, and opened a new mis-
sion at Chandragoodaim, which had to be abandoned
for lack of priests. In 1S5(). a native named Anthony
became a Catholic and brought 120 others with him.
He was made catechist, and thus began a small native
congregation at Hyderabad. Between 1857 and 1864 six
other missionaries came from Milan, and the Christian
communities began to increase, but in 1864, owing to
failing health, Bishop Murphy was forced to leave India.
The vicariate was then entrusted to the Milan Sem-
inary of Foreign Missions. Father Giovanni Domenico
Barbero became vicar Apostolic, and was consecrated
Bishop of Doliche, at Rome, .3 April, 1870. He pro-
cured some Sisters of St. .Vnne from Turin, and in 1871
established them at .Secunilerabad, where they opened
an orphanage and a girls' school. Bishop Barbero
died 18 October, 1881, and was succeeded bj' Mon-
signor Caprotti. In lSS(j the Vicariate of Hyderabad
became a diocese, and Bishop Caprotti, titular of
Abydos, became Bishop of Hyderabad; the districts
of Moodgul and Raichur were added to the diocese.
The see was removed from Secunderabad to Hydera-
bad, and the erection of St. Joseph's cathedral was
begun. In 1890 a convent was opened there, and a
school for Europeans and natives. Bishop Caprotti
died in 1897, and was succeeded by Bishop Vigano,
who opened new convents, at Raichur, Bezwada, and
Kazipet. In 1894 the Little Sisters of the Poor were
introduced, and later, the Franciscan Sisters of Mary.
At the pre.sent time, besides 21 European missionaries,
there are in the Diocese of Hyderabad 50 European
nuns, 18 native sisters, 75 native catechists; 11
churches, 78 chapels ; 38 schools for boys with a total
of 1642 pupils; 14 .schools for girls with 920 pupils.
There are two high schools in Hyderabad, one for boys
the other for girls; and one each in Secimderabad,
Raichur, and Bezwada, all under the Sisters of St.
Anne; 6 orphanages; a home for the infirm, with 60
inmates in the care of the Little Sisters of the Poor, in
Secunderabad; a dispensary in Raichur; a catechu-
menate, and a Magdalen Home under the care of the
native sisters in Secunderabad, with branches in
Raichur and Bezwada: an industrial school for girls
in Bolarum; two libraries; two soldiers' institutes,
confraternities, etc. Students are prepared for the
priesthood in the Diocese of Mangalore by the Jesuits.
Since its erection as a diocese, Hyderabad has held
two synods, the first on 28 February, 1SS9 ; the second
on 9-11 December, 1902. The Catholic population of
the diocese amounts to 14,752 souls out of a total of 11
millions composed of pagans, Mussulmans, heretics,
etc. The annual number of baptisms of adults is
about 400 ; and of infants about 500. The languages
spoken in the diocese are, Telugu, Tamil, Canarese,
Coia, Marathi, and Hindustani.
VII.— 38
Vicars Apcstolic op Hyderabad-Deccan. — 1.
Monsignor Daniel Murphy, titular Bishop of Phila-
delphia, was born at Belmont, Crookstown, Co.
Cork, Ireland, 18 June, 1815; ordained at Maynooth
College, Ireland, 9 June, 1838. When Dr. Carew, one
of the Maynooth staff, was named coadjutor to the
\'icar Apostolic of Madras, India, Father Murphy
offered to accompany him. He arrived at Madras
early in January, 1839, and was put in charge of the
mission of Hj'derabad. When .Monsignor Fennelly
became Vicar Apostolic of Madras, Father Murphy
was made his coadjutor. He was appointed bishop
in December, 1845, by Gregory X\T, and consecrated
in Kinsale, Ireland, 11 October, 1846, bj' the Bishop
of Cork. He became first Vicar Apostohc of Hydera-
bad, 20 Ma}', 1855. The residence of the vicariate
was in Secunderabad, but, owing to the intolerance
of Sir Henry Pottinger, he was obliged to live at
Chuderghantonthe borders of the Nizam's dominion.
During his short administration he showed wonderful
zeal. He left India in 1864 owing to ill-health and
went to Australia; he was chosen Bishop of Hobart,
Tasmania, in 1866, and he died there, Dec, 1907.
2. Monsignor Barbero, second \'icar Apostolic, was born at Foglizzo d'lvrea, Italy, in 1820; sailed for Hyderabad, 11 February, 1855! He was consecrated Bishop of Doliche by Cardinal Corsi in Rome, 3 .April, 1870, and died at Chudderghaut, 18 October, 1881.
Bishops of Hyderabad. — 1. Monsignor Caprotti, b. in Carate Brianza (Italy), 1832; d. in Yercaud, 2 June, 1897. He came to Hyderabad in 1857. He was consecrated Bishop of Abydos in 1882, and when the ordinary hierarchy was established in India in 1886, he became Bishop of Hyderabad.
2. Monsignor Vigano, the second bishop, came to Hyderabad in 1880; he was consecrated in 1898, by Monsignor Colgan, Archbishop of Madras; at the re- quest of Pius X he returned to Italy, 15 Nov., 1908, to take charge of the Foreign Missions Society of Milan.
3. Monsignor Vismara, the third Bishop of Hytlera- bad, came to India in 1890; he was consecrated at Milan, 29 June, 1909, by Cardinal Ferrari.
Madras Dirertonj: Bombay Examiner; Calendario p Notizie del Seminario delle Missioni Estere di Milano: Missioni Cat- tolu-he (Milan); Documents in the archives of the Diocese of Hyderabad.
P. M. Pezzoni.
Hyginus, Saint, Pope (about 138-142), succeeded Pope Telesphorus, who, according to Eusebius (Hist, eccl., IV, xv), died during the first year of the reign of the Emperor Antoninus Pui.s — in 138 or 139, there- fore. But the chronology of these bishops of Rome cannot be determined with any degree of exactitude by the help of the authorities at our disposal to-day. -According to the " Liber Pontificalis ", Hyginus was a Greek by birth. The further statement that he was previously a philosopher is probably founded on the similarity of his name with that of two Latin authors. Irenaeus says (Adv. haereses. III, iii) that the Gnostic Valentine came to Rome in Hyginus's time, remaining there until Anicetus became pontiff. Cerdo, another Gnostic and predecessor of Marcion, also lived at Rome in the reign of Hyginus; by confessing his errors and recanting he succeeded in obtaining re- admission into the bosom of the Church, but eventually he fell back into his heresies and was expelled from the Church. How many of these events took place during the time of Hyginus is not known. The "Liber Pontificalis" also relates that this pope or- ganized the hierarchy and establi.shed the order of ecclesiastical precedence (Hie clerum composuit et distribuit gradus). This general observation recurs also in the biography of Pope Hormisdas; it has no historical value, and. according to Duchesne, the writer probably referred to the lower orders of the clergy. Eusebius (Hist, eccl., IV, xvi) claims that Hyginus's pontificate lasted four years. The ancient
