U>BTMA 3f
nuke the abbev popul&r as a Bhrine and a place of pil- KHmAge, Cbrooe^ang obloitied from Pope Paul 1 the body oiF St. Naianua, vho with three other Roman sol- dien had won the crown of martyrdom mider Diocle- tian. On 11 July, 765, the Bftcred relice arrived, and were with gi«at solemnity depoeited in the basilica of Uie monastery. The abbey and basilica were then named in honour of St. Nasariua, instead of St. Peter aa heretofore. Many miracles were wrought through the intercession of St. Nazarius, and from all ^rts of Europe piigrims in lar|;c numbers came to visit the ahrine. Having grown into prominence aa a nursery of learning and ouTture, the monastery become no less celebrated as a centre of virtue and piety. Popes and
r
!
i
« JBi
ancient entrance hall, built in the ninth century by
Emp>eror Ludwi^ III, is the oldest and pro^bly the
moat beautiful monument of Franconian architecture.
This hall, though the property of the Grand Duchy of
Hesse, is now tued as a chapel where Maaa is occasion-
ally celebrated.
Cadti diplamaliau UmaUerii LauriKntit, ed. Klein <Ta- ffflnifl. 1708); Dahl, Hutoriteh-topoonipkiKh-Matitiitche Bt- KhrnbuiiB drt FtiramUum. LotkSi (Damutndl, 18121 ; Aiwire ftir httnteke Gach. u. AUertiainukunde (Dnmutodt, 1S36>; Falk, OrKh. dii cAimaliirai KluMttn LotkA an dtr Btrg^mtn
(iiaiDi, isea).
Lbander M. Roth.
Lotyma, a titular see of Caria, small fortified town and liarbour on the coast of Caria, not far from Cape 1, at the western extremity of Rhodian
Cheraonesua,
opposib
) anil twenty Roman milee
emperora repeatedly favoured the abbey with special
Sivileges. The transfer of many estates and the ad- tion of small towna to its possessions soon raised the abbey to the position of a principality, so that in a abort time it became not only immensely rich, but also a seat of pohtical influence.
It was, however, this verj- influence of its wealth and political ascendency that caused its decline and final ruin. The ablxrr, enjoying state rights, become implicated in several local feiids and in a number of ware. After forty-six abbots of (he Order of St. Bene- dict hod governed the abbey more or less successfully, Conrad, the last of the abltots, was deposed bv Pope Gregory IX in 1226, and through the influence of the GeiTDon Emperor Frederick II, I^rach came into the poBsmsion of Archbishop Siegfried III of Iktaini. In 1248 Premonstratetisiaii moiwts were given charge of the monastery with the sanction of Pope Celestine IV, ftnd they remained there till 1554!, when, after a glori- ous existence of 800 years. Lorsch ami the surrounding country passed into the haniU of Lutbcnui and Culvin- istic prmccs. The princes allowed the rcligiouB a pen- sion tor life, and then sent them adrift in tiie world. In Lorsch itaelf, first the Lutheran, and later the CaKin- istic religion was introduced. During the Thirty YeoiB War Lorsch and its neiphlMiurhood suffered greatly, but, having again come into the possession of Haini, it returned to the Catholic Kaith. The most dretuy period for Lorsch wo^ during the war between Fiance and Germany from 167S and 1697. Whole villages were laid in ruins, the homes of the peasantry were destroyed by fire, and the French 8()ldiers liurneil the old buildings whose associations had made them ■aered to the inhabitants. One portion, which was left intact, now aerves as a tobacco warehouse. The
from Rhodes (Strobo, XIV, 652, Ptolemy, V, 2, 8; Tit.
Liv., XXXVII, 17; XLV, 10). Nothing is known of
its history, but Leake (Asia Minor, 223) mentions its
niins: towers, toml>8, and ramparts, west of Port Aplo-
thiki, vilayet of Smyrna. The " Notitiie episcopa-
tuum " mentions Loryma among the suffragan sees of
Stuuropolis up to the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
Lequien (One na christian us, I, 915) names three biah-
ops: George, present ut the Council of Constantinople,
680, AnthimuB at Niciea, 787, and Joseph at Coostanti-
rople. 879.
SuiTH. Itidionary ojOrttk and Ronan Geoffntphg.
S. PirrBiDl».
Lob Angeles. See Monterey, Diocese or.
LOBsen, Kahl Aucl'ht, Cierman petrologist and geologist, b. at Kreuznach (Rhine Province), 5 Janu- ary, JS41;d. at Beriin, 24 February, 1803. Afterfin- ishing his studies at the gymnasium of Kreuznach in 1859 Lessen became a mining engineer; he began by twoan<l a half years of practical work, then studied at the tlniver^ties of Berlin and Halle, where he grodu- ate<l in 1866; in the same year he became assistant geologist of the I'russian national geological survey and as such began immediately his famous petrolographic studies of the Hara Mountains, which lasted till his death. In 1870 he became instructor in petrology at the Berlin mining academy, and at the same time Ico- tunrat the university: in 1873 ho was made a member of the newly founded Prussian .Vational Geological In- stitute, and in 1S82 recei\Td the title of professor; be was a fellow of the GOrres Society from itsfoundation. In IHSI) ho became extraordinary professor in the uni- versity. He published the results of his investigation in over one luimlred treatises and noticci which ap- peared for the most part in the " Zeitschrift der deut- sehcn geologischen Oeaellsciiaft " of 1867-1891 and were much valued by his fellow scientists. The work of his youth, "De Tauni montia parte transrhenana" (Halle, 1867), appeared independently; then in 1877 followe<l the mam of the geologicid survey of the Hara Mountains and later many special maps of the Han district, and the exhaustive work, " Boilen der stadt Bcriin ". Of great importance are his papers on the contact and dynamomctamorphosis of mmerals. So hichly w:ia L<rasen con3idere<l as an authority on this subject that the committee in charge of the programme tor the International Geological Congress in London refiucsted him to present a paper on the origin of crys- tallized slate (printed in 18S8). He was made a mem- ber of Bclginn, French, and English learned societies. The mineral losscnite is named after him : it is a hy- dntted lend-iron sulpharsenate from the mines of Lau- rion In Attica. Lossen was a man of noble character, loyal, dutiful, kinil-liearted, full of good humour and
with very strong convictions of faith and decided
views for church authority.
Kati4ri( ill Ntuft JiifiHtjifn far Minfraloirif. Geohffie vnd Palaeonliilogie. II (Stutlsnrt, ISftt); voH HKRTLUia in John*-
