Mm
800
lljsaal. In outline the aystem la this. First a Maaa ia IV). There ure two Other Masses which, inasmuch *■
provided for every day m the year, according to the they do not eorrGspond to the office, may be ttm-
seasoQS of the Church. Ordinary week days (feria) sidered a kind of Votive Mass: the Nuptial Mass
have the Mass of the preceding Sunday with certain (miasa pro aptmso et gportsa), said at weddings, and the
regular changes; but ferix of Lent, rogation and ember Requiem Mass, said for the faithful depart«d, which
Jays, and vigib have special Masses. AH this makes up have a number of special charact«riBtics (see Nuptul
the first part of the Misaal called Propriumde tempore. Mass and Reqvibu Mass). The calendar (Ordb) p ub-
The year is then overladen, as it were, by a great quan- lished yearly in each diooeae or province gives the
tity of feasts of saints or of special events detemiined office and Mass for every day. (Concerning Mass Glj-
by the day of the month (these make up the Proprium pends, see Mass, Sacriticb of the: Vol. X.)
Sattdorum). Nearly every day in the year is now a That the Haa8| around which such complicated
feast of some kind; often thcte are several on one day. rules have grown, is the central feature of the Catholic
There is then constantly coinciifence (concurrent ia) of rolipon hardly needs to be said. During the Reforms-
several possible Masses on one day. There are cases tion and always the Mass has been the test. The
in which two or more conventual Masses are said, one wordof theReformera: "It is the Mass that matters",
for each of the coinciding oftioes. Thus, on feriie that was true. The Corriish insurgents in 1549 rose against
have a special office, if a feaat occurs as wetl, the Mass the new religion, and expressed their whole cause in
of tJie feast is said after Terce, that of the leria after their demand to have the Prayer-book Communioo
None. If a feast talis on the Eve of Ascension Day Service taken away and the old Mass reatotfed. The
thcie are three Conventual Masses — cf the feast ader long persecution of Catholics in England took the
Terce, of the Vigil after Sext, of Ro^tion day after practical form of laws chiefly a^inst saying Mass; for
None. But, in churches thiat have no official con- centuries the occujmnt of the En^ish throne was
ventual Mass and in the case of the priest who says obliged to manifest bis Protestantism, not by a general
Mass for his own devotion, one only of the coinciding denial of the whole aystem of CathoUc dogma, but b^a
Masses is said, the others being (usually) commemo- formal repudiation of the doctrine of Transubstantia-
rated by saying their collects, secrets, and post-Com- tion and of the Mass. As union with Rome is the
munions aft«r those of the Mass chosen. To know bond between Catholics, bo is our common share in
which Mass to choose one must know their various de- this, the most venerable rite in Christendom, the wit-
grees of dignity. All days or feasts are arranged in ness and safeguard of that bond. It isby hisshaiein
this scale: feria, simple, semidouble, double, greater the Mass in Communion that the Catholic proclaims
double, double of the second class, double of the first his union with the great Church. As excommunica-
class. The greater feaat then is the one kept: by tion means the loas of that right in those who are ei-
transferring feasts to the next free day, it ia arranged pelled, so the Alass and Comtnunion are the visible
that two feasts of the same rank do not coincide, bond between people, priest, and biahop, who are all
Certain important days are privileged, ao that a higher onebody who share the or- — -"
feast cannot displace them. Thus nothing i
place the first Sundays of Advent and Lent, Passion
and Palm Sundays. These are the so-called nt^t-class
Sundays. In the same way nothing can diaplao
piac^ by doubles of the first class. Ordinary Sundays 'SSi^lmmJu™
.. .„ OnainttduCuUedu*-
Mai (3d[) ed., Paris, 1S9S); Oam. Dai heilige Matop/er (Olb eA^ Freiburg, ISB?): Rieivchei, Lthriiurh drr LUurgJc. I (Beiiin, 1000): Pbobot, Lil-arait der dm" n-*«i ekriitiichen Jahrhm- dnfeCTQbingeD, 1S70): Idem. LtlursK detvirrltn Jahrhundrrti K. drren Refirm (MOiMtflr. 18B31 ; iDtM. Dii aUiHai rOmiKti^ SaeramnUarien u. Ordina (Ufluter. ISSS); Cabhol.. Ln 0™n« Wurvwu*" (Pftris, IBOOl; Idik, Lt Livrc de la prirn anSirtu (Faria. 1000); Biaiiop, TtuOtniut ofUu Rom-^ Hi" in Stalit, EtKiu'im Ctrammial (LoDdao, IHM). Z83-a La Men " " - '
count as semidoubles, but have precedence over other
aemidoubles. The days of an octave are semidoubles;
the octave day isa double. The octaves of Epiphany,
Eaater, and Pentecost (the original thtee greatest
feasts of all) are cliMed against any other feast. The - „ ....
di.pl.ced («ut i. oom™m„„wl , Bo.pl In the cu. ol 5fte3;,t fflol'siS.'Si
a great infenonty: the rules for this are given among iath>. ciudni i-nmni* nt tt» TnxHii
the "RubricK generalea" of the Miasal (VII; deCom.
iM^'
rationibus). Onaemidoublesand days below that gfJ^T^j^jj
in rank other collects are always added to that of the ii, Teits
day to make up an uneven number. Certain ones are 'I'u'oioi, 1, i prescribed regularly in the Missal, the celebrant may add others at hia discretion. The bishop of the dio- cese may also order collects for special reasons (the
so-called Orationes imperaltE). As a genera! ru|e the ^,^^
Mass must correspond to the Office of the day, iaclud- Ma;
ing its commemorations. But the Missal contains a •>'>"
collection of Votivt Mattes, that may be Bald on days ^^j^
not above a semidouble in rank. The bishop or pope ym<
may order a Votive Mass for a public cause to be said wU
on any day but the very highest. All these rules are )^,
explained m detail by Le Vavssaeur (op. cit., I, 210- cin 31) as well as in the rubrics of the Missal (Ruhr. gen..
„ 1B08); Dbewb. Zur EitUtrhuna^etei.
(Tabinaen. 1M2); tuEU. Vnternchvngen Ubtt dit
loam. drnunlniKAB Liluvii (Tabinscn, 10001; BiuiiaruE. iMumia Komana t litarvia dtW BtaraUo (Rome. IMM): Alstxis UID f DUBTOH, Orwinm Bucharitliea (LoDdon. 190S); Warren. liiturm ol lAt Ante-Kitme ChunA CLODdou. 1907); RotthaN- Hm, Vtbrr nnuere taid aUere Devtiaem dtt WarUt MimKa in
" *" — — »qq.; DCRAKunB (Biahop
mi agirionBa Libri VIll,
'■xiv^^^^iTDt SS.
NEiDEB (Msiai. 1^79). b
I. FlorilfQium PatnHi-
WitaoH, Tilt Gtlatian Saci
Coda LUurgiau Ecetttia wiiwn, 1 [Ldpiig. 18«7i:
"■■ • '-LitiireuifthrCh^rcha/BnqbindtUm-
.MiHaieSarum<.BuTiMMlaiiS ir
>i>uJ, I8ei-B3).
ana in the Missal, «ra-
' {3 vola.. 0th ed.. Lou-
3* iruSaO'tnii. iwC). JnfmiJurliDn aui: MwJe* BE Mass and other arti-
Adriak Foktescue,
