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DANVILLE 263 DAPHNIA river, and the Wabash, Chicago, and Eastern Illinois, the Chicago, Indiana and Southern and the "Big Four" rail- roads; 125 miles S. of Chicago. It has a National Soldiers' Home for Disabled Veterans, with over 3,500 immates. Its chief industry is coal-mining, which is carried on extensively on the bluffs of the river. It also has large railroad car and machine shops, iron foundries, plan- ing mills, carriage and wagon factories, organ and furniture factories, churches, a high school, 5 National banks, and daily and weekly newspapers. Pop. (1910) 27,871; (1920) 33,776. DANVILLE, a city and county-seat of Boyle co., Ky. ; on Dick's river, and the Queen and Crescent and Southern railroads: 42 miles S. of Frankfort. It is a stock-raising center, and the seat of several educational institutions, among them the Danville Theological Seminary, the Central University of Kentucky, Kentucky College for women and the State Asylum and School for Deaf Mutes. It has churches, public schools, 2 National banks and newspapers. Pop. (1910) 5,- 420; (1920) 5,099. DANVILLE, a borough and county- seat of Montour co., Pa.; on the Sus- quehanna river, and the Lackawanna, the Philadelphia and Reading and the Pennsylvania railroads, 154 miles N. W. of Philadelphia. Danville is in a district abounding with iron-ore, limestone, and anthracite coal; and contains the first establishment ei'ected in the United States for the manufacture of railroad iron, and still ranks among the most ex- tensive in the country. There are blast furnaces, iron foundries, rolling mills, churches, 2 National banks, a State asy- lum for the insane, and daily and weekly newspapers. Pop. (1910) 7,517; (1920) 6,952. DANVILLE, a city and county-seat of Pittsylvania co., Va. ; on the Dan river> and the Southern railroad, 140 miles S. W. of Richmond ; is the seat of Randolph- Macon College, Roanoke Institute, and Danville School for Boys. It has good water-power, cotton mills, flour mills, grist mills, foundry, and tobacco fac- tories. It is the center of the fine yellow tobacco ' section, and 30,000,000 pounds of leaf-tobacco are sold annually. It has a high school, water works, news- papers and 2 National banks. Pop. (1910) 19,020; (1920) 21,539. DANZIG, a fortified town and port, Prussia, capital of the province of West Prussia, 253 miles N. E. of Berlin, on the left bank of the W. arm of the Vistula, about three miles above its mouth in the Baltic, and intersected by the Mottlau, which here divides into several arms. It is one of the most important seaports in the Prussian republic. The more modern parts are regularly and well built; in the other parts the streets are narrow and the houses old and indiffer- ent. Among the principal buildings are the Dom or Cathedral, begun in 1343, the Church of St. Catharine, the exchange, the arsenal, observatory, three monas- teries, two synagogues, two theaters, etc. The industries are numerous, but ex- cepting those connected with shipbuild- ing, artillery, and beer, not of great im- portance. The prosperity of the town is founded chiefly on its transit trade, particularly in wheat from Poland. There is also a considerable trade in amber. The proper port of Danzig is Neufahrwasser, at the mouth of the Vistula; but vessels of large size can now come up to and enter the town. After being alternately possessed by the Teutonic knights and the Poles, Dan- zig, on the partition of Poland, fell to the lot of Prussia. By the Treaty of Versailles, Danzig was made with the surrounding territory a free city under the protection of the League of Nations, which appoints a high commissioner. It has a legislative Council, and universal suffrage. Danzig serves as a corridor by which Poland has access to the sea. Pop. (1919) 162,468. DAPHNE, a genus of plants belonging to the Thymelasacese. Orifice of the calyx without appendages, stamens 8 to 10, inclosed within the calyx, stigma simple, fruit succulent. D. laureola is the spurge laurel. It is an evergreen. D. mezereiim has deciduous leaves and very fragrant flowers. They are all found in the temperate districts of Asia and Europe. The bark of the root, as well as that of the branches, of D. ■mezereon is used in decoction as a diaphoretic in cutaneous and syphilitic affections. In large doses it is an ir- ritant poison, causing hypercatharsis. Used externally it acts as a vesicant. It contains a ventral crystalline principle, called daphnein. The fruit is poisonous. The barks of D. gnidiiim, D. alpina, D. cneoiinn, D. pontica. and D. laureola have similar properties. The berries of the last are poisonous to all animals ex- cept birds. The inner bark of D. lagetta, when cut into thin pieces after macera- tion, assumes a beautiful net-like ap- pearance, whence it has received the name of lace-bark. DAPHNIA, a genus of Entomostraca order Cladocera, family Daphniadse. £>. pulex is the common water-flea. The head is large, rounded above and in front; superior antennae very small; the