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DAWES 281 DAY brigadier-general. He served in France on the administrative staff of the com- mander-in-chief of the American Ex- peditionary Force as chairman of the General Purchasing Board and general purchasing agent. He was also a mem- ber of the Allied Purchasing Board and the Liquidation Commission of the Al- lies. For his services he was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal and the Order of Leopold, King of Belgium. He wrote "The Banking System of the United States" (1892) ; and "Essays and Speeches" (1915). DAWES, HENRY LAURENS, an American legislator; born in Cumming- ton, Mass., Oct. 30, 1816. He was grad- uated at Yale in 1839. Becoming a lawyer, he entered the State Senate as a Republican and in 1857 was elected to Congress, serving in the House until 1873. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1875, and was re-elected in 1881 and 1887. The condition of the Indian tribes especially claimed his at- tention, and after 1893 he was head of the Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. He died at Pittsfield, Mass., Feb. 5, 1903. DAWES' HOLES, minute circular spots on the nucleus of a sun-spot, darker than the rest of the nucleus, and supposed to be the months of tubular orifices penetrating to unknown depths. They were first observed by the astrono- mer whose name they bear. DAWSON, capital of Yukon territory, Canada; in the gold re^on of the Klon- dike. It is on the E. side of the Yukon river, 575 miles from Juneau. It was founded by Joseph Ladue, a miner, who built the first house here, Sept. 1, 1896. Dawson is the center oi the Klondike gold region, and has grovm from a min- ing camp into a prosperous town, with important commercial interests. It is a port of call for steamships from June to October. Pop. (1911) 3,015. DAWSON, CONINGSBY (WILL- IAM), an American author, bom at High Wycombe, England, in 1883, the son of William James Dawson. He gradu- ated from Merton College, Cambridge, in 1905, and in the same year came to America, where he traveled as special correspondent for several English news- f)apers. He was literary adviser to pub- ishers from 1910 to 1913. In 1916 he joined the Canadian 1st Division at the front as lieutenant of the Field Artillery and served until the end of the war. In 1917 he was wounded. After serving with the British Ministry of Information he rejoined the Canadian forces in the spring of 1918. He was again wounded in September of that year. He delivered lectures in the United States under the auspices of the British Mission in Novem- ber and December, 1918, and in 1919- 1920 he lectured throughout the United States on the results of the war. He was the author of "The Worker and Other Poems" (1906); "The Garden Without Walls" (1913); "The Raft" (1914) ; "Carry On" (1917) ; "The Glory of the Trenches" (1918) ; and "The Test of Scarlet" (1919). He also wrote sev- eral volumes of poems. DAWSON (FRANCIS) WARRING- TON, an American writer and lecturer, born in Charleston, S. C, in 1878. He was educated in France and in the Charleston College. He engaged in newspaper work and acted as spe- cial correspondent in Spain, Russia, and other countries of Europe. He was American war correspondent with the French Armies from 1914 to 1916. In 1917 he was appointed attache of the American Embassy at Paris and served as special assistant in that post until 1919. He was well known as a lecturer in the United States and in Europe. He was a member of the first neutral com- mission sent by the French Ministry of War to investigate the use of asphyxiat- ing gases by the German army on the Anglo-French front in April, 1915. He was the author of "The Scar" (1906); "The Scourge" (1908); and "The True Dimension" (1916). DAWSON, WILLIAM JAMES, a clergyman and writer, born at Tow- cester, England, in 1854. He was edu- cated at Didsbury College, Manchester. In 1875 he was ordained Wesleyan min- ister. He served in several pastorates in England until 1905, when he moved to the United States, becoming pastor of the 1st Presbyterian Church. He lectured widely on literary and histori- cal subjects. He wrote "Makers of Eng- lish Poetry" (1890) ; "Makers of English Prose" (1899) ; "Quest of the Simple Life" (1903) ; "A Soldier of the Future" (1908) ; "The Book of Courage" (1911) ; "The Father of a Soldier" (1917) ; and "Chalmers Comes Back" (1919). He also wrote several volumes of poems. DAY, the time taken by the earth to revolve once on its axis. This varies according to the method adopted in mak- ing the calculation. A solar day is the interval between the time of the sun's coming to the meridian and returning to it again. Similarly a sidereal day is the interval between the time of a star's coming to the meridian and again return- ing to it on the immediately^ subsequent night. A mean solar day is 24 hours long. A mean sidereal day is about 23