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DU BOIS 432 DUDLEY abled the Russians to maintain their lines of communication with the interior and made possible the transfer of forces through the protection they gave to the various railroad lines necessary for such a transfer. The fortress was captured and recaptured several times by the contending forces during the war. Dur- ing the operations between the Russian Soviet Government and the Polish forces, in the summer of 1920, Dubno was cap- tured by the Poles and was by them held for a short period. DU BOIS, a city of Pennsylvania, in Clearfield co. It is on the Buffalo and Susquehanna, the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, and the Pennsylvania rail- roads. The most important industry is the mining of bituminous coal. There are also glass and clay works, blast fur- naces, railroad shops, machine shops, etc. There is a hospital and a public library. Pop. (1910) 12,623; (1920) 13,681. DUCATO, CAPE (do-ka'to) (ancient Leukate), an abrupt headland at the S. W. extremity of Leukes or Santa Maura, one of the Ionian Islands, dreaded by sailors for the fierce currents around it. On the summit are remains of a temple of Apollo, and from here criminals were anciently cast into the sea. Here, too, tradition fixes the scene of Sappho's fatal leap, and that of Artemisia of Halicar- nassus. DUCATOON, formerly a Dutch silver coin worth 3 gulden, 3 stivers, or $1.30. There were coins of the same name in Italy. In Tuscany its value was about $1.35, in Savoy slightly more, and in Venice about $1.18. DU CHAILLU, PAUL BELLONI (dxi- shi-yii'), a French-American explorer and writer; born in Paris, July 31, 1835. His travels in Africa, in which he dis- covered the gorilla and the pigmies, are detailed in "A Journey to Ashango Land" (1867), and "My Apingi Kingdom" (1870). "The Land of the Midnight Sun" (1881) deals with Norway. "The Viking Age" (1887), is a more ambitious work, intended to recreate the old Norse civilization. Among his other works are : "Ivar the Viking"; "The Land of the Long Night" (1899); "The World of the Great Forest" (1900), and many books for the young. He died April 30, 1903. DUCK, the popular name given to various Anatidse, and especially to those of the two sub-families Anatinx and Fuli- gulinse. The former are called by Swain- son, river ducks, or sometimes also true ducks, and the latter sea ducks. A sim- ilar distinction into sea ducks and pond ducks had long ago been made by Wil- lughby. The Anatinse have the bill broad and lengthened, the nostrils basal, the legs very short, and the hinder toe slightly lobed. The Fuligulinss have the DUCKS 1. Ring Necked Duck 3. American Widgeon 2. Surf Scoter 4. Mandarin Duck hinder toe very broad. The Anatinse, or true ducks, are migratory birds, coming and going in large flocks. DUCK, a species of coarse cloth made of flax, lighter and finer than canvas. DUCKING STOOL, a chair in which scolding and vixenish vdves were for- merly securely fastened, to receive the punishment of being ducked in water. The woman was placed in the chair with her arms drawn backward; a bar was placed across her back and inside her elbows, while another bar held her up- right; in this uncomfortable position she was securely tied with cords. The per- sons appointed to carry out the punish- ment, by raising their end of the beam, caused the unfortunate culprit to go overhead into the water. The practice of using the ducking stool began in the 15th century, but had almost died out by the close of the 18th. DUDEVANT, MADAME. See SaND. George. DUDLEY, LORD GUILDFOBD, son of John, Duke of Northumberland, was married in 1553 to Lady Jane Grey, whose claim to the throne the duke in- tended to assert on the death of Edward VI. On the failure of the plot Lord Guildford was condemned to death, but the sentence was not carried into effect till the inf^urrection of Wyatt induced