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ELIZABETH 508 ELKHART jScotland and the present reigning dy- nasty. Daughter of James VI. of Scot- land and I. of England, she married in 1613 Frederick V., Elector Palatine, who in 1619 was chosen King of Bohemia. Through her daughter Sophia, Electress of Hanover, she became the grandmother of George I. of Great Britain. She died in England, Feb. 13, 1662. ELIZABETH, Queen of Rumania. See Carmen Sylva. ELIZABETH, the wife of Zacharias and mother of John the Baptist. An angel foretold to her husband the birth of a son to her old age; and it was also foretold by the angel Gabriel to the Vir- gin Mary, as an assurance of the birth of the Messiah. ELIZABETH CITY, a city of North Carolina, the county-seat of Pasquotank CO. It is on the Norfolk and Southern and the Virginia and Carolina Coast rail- roads and on the Pasquotank river. It has an important trade in cotton, lumber, and oysters. Its industries include saw mills, shingle factories, cotton and ho- siery mills, flour mills, iron works, ship- building yards, brick works, carriage fac- tories, etc. Pop. (1910) 8,412; (1920) 8,925. ELIZABETH FARNESE (far-na'se), Queen of Spain, daughter of Edward II., Prince of Parma; born in 1692. On be- coming the second wife of Philip V. she surprised those who had counseled the rnarriage by assuming the practical head- ship of the kingdom; her ambition and that of her minister, Alberoni, disturbed the whole of Europe. She died in 1766. ELIZABETHGRAD, a town of south- ern Russia, on the Ingul, with an impe- rial palace, a theater, manufactures of soap, candles, etc., and several great fairs. ELIZABETH ISLANDS, a group of 16 American islands S. of Cape Cod, with a permanent population of about ELIZABETH OF VALOIS (va-lwa'), or ISABELLA, Queen of Spain; born in 1545, daughter of Henry II. of France and Catherine de Medici. She was des- tined to be the wife of the infante, Don Carlos, but his father, Philip II., being lett a widower, became fascinated and married her himself. The story of a romantic relationship between Elizabeth and Don Carlos has furnished tragic subjects to Otway, Campistron, Che'nier, Schiller, and Alfieri. She died in 1568. ELIZABETH PETROVNA, Empress of Russia; born in 1709. She was daughter of Peter the Great. In 1741 she usurped the imperial throne, by d^ throning the infant Ivan. At her ac- cession, she made a vow that no capital punishment should take place in her reign. But she afterward inflicted on the Countesses Bestuchef and Lapoukin the punishment of the knout, and had their tongues cut out for betraying some of her secret amours. Though dissolute in her manners, she was extremely su- perstitious, and performed her devotions with rigorous exactness. In 1756 she joined Austria and France against Prus- sia. She died in 1762. ELIZABETH, SAINT, daughter of Andreas II., King of Hungary; born in Pressburg, in 1207. She early displayed a passion for the severities of the Chris- tian life, despising pomp, ambition, and exhibiting the most self-denying benev- olence. When only 14 years old, she married the Landgrave of Thuringia, Louis IV., who died in 1227. Great mis- fortunes soon befell her. She was de- prived of her regency by the brother of her deceased husband, and driven out of her dominion on the plea that she wasted the treasures of the state by her char- ities. The inhabitants of Marburg, whose miseries she had frequently re- lieved, refused her an asylum, for fear of the new regent. At last she found refuge in the monastery of Kitzingen, and when the warriors who had attended her husband in the Crusade returned from the East, she gathered them around her, and recounted her sufferings. Steps were taken to restore to her her sov- ereign rights. She declined the regency, however, and would accept only the rev- enues which accrued to her as landgrav- ine. The remainder of her days were de- voted to incessant devotions, almsgivings, mortifications, etc. She died Nov. 19, 1231, and was canonized four years later, ELKHART, a city in Elkhart CO., Ind., at the confluence of the St. Joseph and Elkhart rivers and on the Big Four, the Lake Shore, and St, Joseph Valley, Chi- cago, South Bend and Northern Indiana railroads, 101 miles E. of Chicago. It is a railroad center and shipping point for a large agricultural region. The rivers afford excellent water power. A large dam and power house were erected in 1913. The Lake Shore railroad shops are located here and the manufacturing interests include brass, carriage, starch- machinery, gas generators, rubber and paper. Elkhart is the seat ol Elkhart Institute, and has public schools, busi- ness colleges, and high school, daily and weekly newspapers, gas and electric lights, electric railways, water works, and a National bank. Pop. (1910) 19,- 282; (1920) 24,277,