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INN 158 INNOCENT through Tyrol and Bavaria to its junc- tion with the Danube at Passau in a stream broader than that of the Danube. Its total course is 317 miles. INN, a house where travelers are fur- nished, for the profit of the provider, with everything they have occasion for while on their journey. Innkeepers are bound to take in all travelers and way- faring persons, and to entertain them if they have accommodation for them and are bound to give to such accom- modation at reasonable charges, provided they behave themselves properly. As a protection they have a lien on the goods of their lodgers (with the exception of the clothing which they are actually wearing), so that they may retain them as security. Inns of Chancei-y, colleges in England in which young students formei-ly began their law studies. They are now occu- pied chiefly by attorneys and solicitors. Inns of Court, colleges or corporate societies in London, to one of which all barristers and students for the bar must belong; also the buildings belonging to such societies in which the members of the inn dine together, and barristers have their chambers. There are four such inns — viz. : the Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Gray's Inn, and Lincoln's Inn. INNATE IDEAS, the term generally supposed to correspond to the koinai en- noiai of the Stoics — "general notions de- veloped in the course of nature in all men" — though the earlier teachers of that school regarded these ideas as the natural outgrowth of perceptions, not as innate. On the Continent the doc- trine of innate ideas was revived by Des- cartes, who held that the notion of things, truth, and thought were naturally common to all men. The doctrine will be found in the "Treatise on Truth" of Lord Herbert of Cherbury. On the op- posite side, Locke ("Human Understand- ing," book i.). INNESS, GEORGE, JR. ; an American artist, born in Paris, in 1854, the son of George Inness. He studied under his father in Rome from 1870 to 1874 and afterwards took art courses in Paris. He lived in the United States from 1878 but maintained a studio in Paris from 1895 to 1899. He exhibited at the Paris Salon and in 1900 received a gold medal. He was a member of the National Acad- emy. He wrote "Art, Life, and Letters of George Inness" (1917). INNESS, GEORGE, an American pamter; born in Newburgh, N. Y., May 1, 1825; studied painting in New York and Europe; resided in Italy in 1871-1875. His "American Sunset" was exhibited in the Pai-is Exposition of 1807. His other works include "Peace and Plenty," "A Vision of Faith," "The Vallev of the Shadow of Death," "A Passing Storm," "The Morning Sun," "Delaware Water- Gap," etc. He died Aug. 3, 1894. INNISFAIL ("Isle of Destiny"), an old name for Ireland. INNOCENT, the name of several Popes : Innocent I., Pope, was a native of Albano, and succeeded Anastasius I. in 402. He endeavored to obtain terms of peace with Alaric, 407, but was unsuc- cessful, and during the following year Rome was taken and pillaged. He died in 417. Innocent II., a Roman of noble birth, elected Pope in 1130 by a part of the cardinals, v.'hile others chose Peter of Leon, who took the name of Anacletus. The party of the latter being the strong- est at Rome, Innocent II. retired to France. This contest for the papal chair continued until the death of Ana- cletus in 1138. In 1139 Innocent was taken prisoner by Roger, King of Sicily, the chief supporter of the rival Pop>e. He was released on recognizing Roger's title as King of Sicily. He died in 1143. Innocent III. (Lothario Conti). Born in Anagni in 1161. He succeeded Ce- lestine III. in 1198; and being endowed by nature with all the talents of a ruler, he was qualified to extend the papal power. His first care was to recover and secure such portion of the domains of the Holy See as were in the hands of usurpers. He sought to unite the Chris- tian princes in a crusade for the recovery of Palestine, and promoted the crusade against the Albigenses. He had put France under an interdict because Philip Augustus divorced his queen, Ingeburga; and when John, King of England, re- fused to confirm the election of Stephen Langton as ai'chbishop of Canterbury, Innocent laid the kingdom under a curse also and in 1212 formally deposed John and instigated the King of France to attack England. John was finally obliged to submit, resigned his territories to Rome, and and received them as a papal fief from Innocent. In 1210 the Pope excommunicated the Emperor Otho IV., who owed to him his elevation. In- nocent abolished the Roman Senate and the Consulate, and thus made himself absolute in his estates, which now ex- tended from the Adriatic to the Mediter- ranean. Almost all Christendom was now subject to the Pope; two crusades were undertaken at his order, and his