instructors, 160; students, 1,213; volumes in library, 66,000; funds from the State amounted to $199,986; from the Federal Government, $99,909; from trust funds, $4,000; president, Robert Judson Aley, Sc. D.
MAINE-ET-LOIRE (-ā-lwär′), a department of France, formed out of the old province of Anjou, and watered by the rivers whose names it bears, divided into the arrondissements of Angers, Beaugé, Cholet, Saumur, and Segré; area, 2,787 square miles; pop. about 510,000; the soil is fertile, and produces excellent corn and wine, with hemp, linseed, fruit and green crops; slate quarries and coal mines are worked, and there are mills for cotton, woolen, and linen manufacturers. Capital, Angers. The department is formed mainly out of the ancient Anjou.
MAINTENON (mangt-nông), FRANÇOISE D'AUBIGNÉ, MARCHIONESS DE, the second wife of Louis XIV.; born in the prison of Niort, France, Nov. 27, 1635, where her parents were held. On their release they removed to Martinique. After her father's death she was brought up by her aunt, Madame Villette, in the Protestant faith, from which, owing to the interference of her mother, a strict Catholic, she was afterward converted. Subsequently, being left in very reduced circumstances, she married the celebrated poet and novelist Scarron. On his death she became governess of the children of Madame de Montespan. This connection brought her under the notice of the monarch, and in 1679 he changed her name to Maintenon, giving her an estate with that title. She supplanted Montespan and La Chaise, his confessor, having advised the king to sanction his wishes by a secret but formal marriage, it was solemnized in 1685. After her elevation, she lived in a sort of retirement from the world. Louis visited her several times a day, and transacted business with his ministers in her apartments, while she read or otherwise employed herself. Having founded the school of St. Cyr, for the education of poor girls of good family, she retired to it after the death of the king, and there passed the remainder of her life. She died, generally respected, April 15, 1719. Her “Memoirs” and “Correspondence” have been published.
MAINZ (mīnts) (French, Mayence),
a fortified town of Germany, in the
republic of Hesse, finely situated on the
left bank of the Rhine, opposite the
mouth of the Main, 20 miles W. S. W.
of Frankfort. The Rhine is here crossed
by a bridge connecting Mainz with the
small town of Castel, which is within the
system of fortifications; there is also a
railway bridge. The older part of the
town has been mostly modernized since
the destruction caused by a powder
magazine explosion in 1857, and an extensive
new quarter has been added since the
recent widening of the fortified circuit.
Among the more interesting buildings are
the cathedral, a vast building of red
sandstone, finished in the 14th century,
adorned with several finely painted
windows, frescoes, and a great number of
ancient and curious monuments; the
former electoral palace, now containing the
City Library (over 230,000 vols.),
picture gallery, museum, etc.; the old
collegiate church of St. Stephen, a fine
specimen of Gothic architecture; the
grand-ducal castle; the courts of justice;
the government buildings; the town hall,
a new Renaissance structure; the theater,
central railway station, Gutenberg's
house and other buildings associated with
the invention of printing, etc., There is a
fine statue of Gutenberg by Thorwaldsen.
The handsome quay, about 330 feet
in breadth, along the Rhine, affords a
pleasant promenade; and there are
several docks. The manufactures embrace
leather, furniture, hardware, carriages,
tobacco, beer, chemicals, musical instruments,
etc. The trade, particularly
transit, is extensive. Mainz was for
long the first ecclesiastical city of the
German empire, of which its archbishop-elector
ranked as the premier prince. Its
history during the 16th century is of
considerable interest in connection with
the progress of the Reformation. Pop.
about 120,000.
MAISONNEUVE, a city, near Montreal, Canada, of which it is a suburb. Its manufacturing plants employ nearly half the population, and turn out cotton goods, shoes, sugar, and foundry products. Has a fine city hall, libraries and schools. Its industrial output ranks as sixth in Canada. Pop. about 40,000.
MAITLAND, Australia, a town in New South Wales, on the Hunter river, 119 miles N. of Sydney and 15 miles N. W. of Newcastle. Some of the purest coal in the world is found in this region, veins running over thirty feet in thickness, but these fields have not yet been much exploited. Pop. about 12,000.
MAITLAND, WILLIAM, commonly known as Secretary Lethington, a Scotch statesman, eldest son of Sir Richard Maitland; born about 1525. He early adopted the reformed doctrines, and was one of the first public men openly to renounce the mass. In 1558 he was ap-
