Colley, by a greatly superior force of Transvaal Boers, Feb. 27, 1881.
MAKART, HANS (mak'art), an Austrian painter; born in Salzburg, Austria, May 28, 1840; studied at Vienna and at Munich, where he became the best pupil of Piloty; visited Italy in 1869, and Egypt in 1876. His large picture, "Venice Doing Homage to Catharine Cornaro," was exhibited at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, in 1876. Among his other works are "Roman Ruins," "The Plague at Florence," "Cleopatra," "Entrance of Charles V. into Antwerp." He also painted many scenes from Shakespeare. He died in Vienna, Oct. 3, 1884.
MACO, a town of Hungary on the right bank of the Maros, 19 miles E. of Szegedin. It is the center of an important stock-raising and agricultural region. Pop. about 35,000.
MALABAR (mal-a-bar'), a district on the S. W. coast of India, in the presidency of Madras, extending from lat. 10° 15' to 12° 18' N.; area, 5,765 square miles; pop. about 3,000,000, over two-thirds Hindus, and one-fourth Mohammedans. The surface is occupied in the E. by the western Ghats, which send down numerous rivers to the coast, many of them navigable for some distance. There are large forests. Rice is the staple crop; cocoanuts are largely grown, and also coffee and pepper. The name of this district is applied to the whole S. W. coast of southern India,
MALABAR LEAF, the leaf of the Cinnamomum malahathrum of Malabar, formerly used in European medicine.
MALACCA, or MALAY PENINSULA. See Straits Settlements.
MALACCA, STRAIT OF, a channel separating the Malay Peninsula on the N. E, from the island of Sumatra on the S. W., and connecting the Indian Ocean with the Chinese Sea: length, 480 miles; breadth, from 30 miles at the S. E. to 115 miles at the N. W. extremity. On this strait are the British settlements of Malacca, Penang, etc.
MALACCA BEAN, the fruit of the Semecorpus Anacardium, or marking nut tree of India, belonging to the natural order Anacordiaceæ. It closely resembles the cashew nut.
MALACHI (mal'a-kl), the last of the Old Testament minor prophets. Of his history nothing is certainly known.
The Prophecies of Malachi, the last prophetic book of the Old Testament. When it was penned, the Jewish people were under a governor instead of a king (i: 8), and the Temple was rebuilt (i; 7, 10, iii: 1, 10). The governor was probably Nehemiah, during his second visit to Jerusalem. If so, then, Malachi prophesied probably between 430 and 425 b. c. during the first part of the Peloponnesian war, and was a contemporary of Sophocles (496-405); Euripides (480-406), Herodotus (484-424), and Thucydides (471-396).
MALACHITE (-kit), a monoclinic green mineral rarely found in crystals, but mostly as fibrous or compact stalagmitic masses.
MALACHY (mal'a-kī), ST., an Irish prelate. Archbishop of Armagh, and the greatest of St. Patrick's successors; born in Armagh, Ireland, about 1095. In 1121 he became Abbot of Bangor. Archbishop Celsus, who had made him his vicar, procured his election to the see of Connor (1125), and on his deathbed (1129) recommended him as his successor in the primacy. It was not, however, till 1134 that Malachy could establish himself therein. In 1140 he journeyed to Rome, seeking the pallium, and Innocent II. appointed him papal legate for Ireland. In 1148 he once more repaired to France, to renew to Eugenius III. his request for the pallium; but before his arrival the Pope had gone back to Rome, and at Clairvaux, on Nov. 1, Malachy died of a fever in St. Bernard's arms. He was canonized by Clement IV. The curious "Prophecy of St. Malachy" were first published in his "Wood of Life" (Venice, 1595).
MALACOLOGY, the science which treats of the mollusca, or soft-bodied animals.
MALAGA, a seaport-town of Spain, capital of the province of the same name, situated on the Mediterranean, 68 miles N. E. of Gibraltar, and 254 S. W. of Madrid; lat. 36° 43' 5" N., Ion. 4° 26' W.; is commanded by an old Moorish fortress, called the Gibralfaro, and is of circular form, surrounded by a double wall, with a number of stately towers; the city is of Moorish construction, the streets narrow, the houses large, and, in general, each has a court into which the windows open; the public buildings are obscured by private houses, and the city does not even contain a good square. The harbor of Malaga is capable of containing about 450 merchant vessels. A fine mole, of 700 yards in length, runs out into the sea, and two smaller ones have been subsequently built. The rivers Guadalmedina and Guadaljoi'ce discharge their waters at this place into the ocean.
