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MABTIN 139 MAETINELLI brook," Owasco Lake, N. Y,, Jan. 2, 1856. He was graduated at Harvard College, in 1877, and was author of "Sly Ballades in Harvard China" ; "A Little Brother of the Rich, and Other Poems"; "Windfalls of Observation"; "Reflection of a Beginning Husband" (1913); "The Unrest of Wo- men" (1915) ; "The Diary of a Nation" (1917). He was for many years the chief editorial writer for "Life." MARTIN, HOMER DODGE, an Amer- ican artist; bom in Albany, N. Y., Oct. 28, 1836; was chiefly self-taught in paint- ing; opened a studio in New York City in 1862; was elected a member of the Na- tional Academy of Design in 1875; and resided in France in 1882-1886. While he was influenced somewhat by the Barbizon School of painters, no painter was more original than he. He succeeded in devel- oping a style entirely his own, which was of so high a quality as to place him among the best known of American land- scape painters. His best known works include "Landscape on the Seine"; "An Equinoctial Day"; "Brook in the Woods"; "In the Adirondacks"; "Sand Dunes on Lake Ontario"; "White Mountains, from Randolph Hill" ; etc. He died in St. Paul, Minn., Feb. 12, 1897. MARTIN, RICCARDO, an American tenor, born in 1878 in Kentucky and trained at Columbia University under MacDowell. After studying piano and voice culture abroad, in 1900 he estab- lished himself in New York as a teacher of singing. Later, in 1904, he studied abroad and made his first appearance in opera in Nantes. In the course of a few years he returned to America and be- came in 1907 a member of the Metro- politan Opera House in New York. Martin became Caruso's substitute when the latter journeyed to Monte Carlo in 1915. In later years he has appeared frequently at the Covent Garden Opera in London. MARTIN, SIR THEODORE, an Eng- lish biographer; born in Edinburgh, Scot- land, Sept. 16, 1816. Married the actress Helen Faucit in 1851; was elected rector of the University of St. Andrews in 1880. He made many excellent translations from Horace and Catullus, from Dante, from Goethe, Schiller, and Heine, and from mediaeval ballads, epigrams, etc. On the completion of the "Life of the Prince Consort" (5 vols. 1874-1880), he was knighted. He died Aug. 18, 1909. MARTIN, WILLIAM ALEXANDER PARSONS, an American educator; bom in Livonia, Ind.. April 10, 1827. A mis- sionary originally at Ningpo, China (1850-1860), he founded and directed the Presbyterian mission at Peking, 1863- 1868; became Professor of International Law at Tungwen College, Peking, in 1868; president in 1869; was sent by China to the United States and Europe to report on methods of education in 1880- 1881. From 1898 to 1900 he was presi- dent of the Imperial University of Pe- king. He published in Chinese, "Evidences of Christianity" (18^5) ; "The Three Principles" (1856) ; etc.; in English, *'The Lore of Cathay, or the Intellect of China" (1901). He died in 1916. MARTINEAU, HARRIET vmar'ti- no), an English reformer, sister of James Martineau; born in Norwich, Eng- land, June 12, 1802. She visited the United States in 1834, aiding the aboli- tionists, and traveled in Palestine and the East in 1846. She wrote a series of stories based on political economy (1832). Among her more important works are: "Society in America" (1836) ; "Deer- brook" (1839), a novel; "History of Eng- land during the Thirty Years' Peace" (1848); "British Rule in India" (1857); "Biographical Sketches" (1869) ; etc. She died in Ambleside, Westmoreland, England, June 27, 1876. MARTINEATJ, JAMES, an English clergjrman and writer, brother of Harriet Martineau; born in Norwich, England, April 21, 1805. He was educated at the Norwich Grammar School. Dr. Lant Car- penter's school at Bristol, and Man- chester New College, York. He became in 1841 Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy in Manchester New College. In 1857 he removed to London, and was minister of Little Portland Street Chapel from 1859 to 1872. In 1868 he was ap- pointed principal of Manchester New Col- lege (which from 1853 had been in Lon- don). He was author of "The Rationale of Religious Inquiry" (1837); "Miscel- lanies" (1852); "Studies of Christianity" (1858) ; "Essays Philosophical and Theo- logical" (1868); "Modem Materialism" (1876); "A Study of Spinoza" (1882); "A Study of Religion" (2 vols. 1887), and many other works on kindred topics. He died in London, Jan. 11. 1900. MARTINELLI, SEBASTIAN (mar- tc-nelle), a papal delegate; bom in Luc- ca, Tuscany, Aug. 20_, 1848; studied at the St, Anne Seminary in Lucca, and at the College of St. Augustine in Rome; was ordained a Roman Catholic priest in March, 1871; made prior-general of the Augjistinian Order in 18'89; appointed apostolic delegate to the United States, and consecrated a special archbishop in 1896; was raised to the cardinalate, April 15, 1901, and recalled in 1902.