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LOS BIOS 12 LOTHROP cisco in population and became the largest city in California. The population in 1910 was 319,198, and in 1920, 575,480. Los Angeles was settled in 1781 by the Spaniards. It was captured by Com- modore Stockton in 1846. It was char- tered as a city in 1851. LOS BIOS, inland province of Ecuador, capital Babahoyo (Bodegas). Mountain- ous, being on slope of Andes, communi- cates with sea by Guayaquil river, chief industries farming and stock raising. Pop. about 35,000. LOS SANTOS, town, Panama, 95 miles S. W. of the city of Panama, near the Bay of Parita, in province of the same name of which the capital is Las Tablas. LOSSING, BENSON JOHN, an Amer- ican historian; born in Beekman, Dutchess CO., N. Y., Feb. 12, 1813. He published "Pictorial Field-Books" of the Revolution, the War of 1812, and the Civil War, the first in 1850-1852 (2 vols.), the second in 1868, the third 1866-1869 (3 vols.). He was a wood engraver, and himself made the engrav- ings for the works, the scenic ones large- ly from sketches on the spots. He wrote also "Lives of the Presidents of the United States" (1847) ; "Biographies of Eminent Americans" (1855) ; "Cyclopae- dia of United States History" (1881, re- vised and enlarged to 10 vols., by George J. Hagar 1901) ; "History of New York City" (1884); "The Empire State" (1887) ; etc. He died near Dover Plains, N. Y., June 3, 1891. LOT (16) (Latin Oltis), one of the largest tributaries of the Garonne in southern France, rising in the Cevennes, flowing in a generally W. direction, being known at first as the Olt, through the departments of Lozere, Aveyron, Lot, and Lot-et-Garonne, and joining the Ga- ronne from the right at Aiguillon, after a course of nearly 300 miles, nearly two- thirds being navigable, LOT, a department in the S. of France, formed out of parts of the old province of Guienne, and comprising the arron- lissements of Cahors, Gourdon, and Figeac, watered by the Dordogne and the Lot; area 2,017 square miles; pop., about 220,000. The E. districts are invaded by the Gausses plateaus of the Cevennes; the valleys fertile; wheat, maize, tobacco, fruits, chestnuts, and especially wine are the more important products. Sheep-breeding is largely carried on. Milling, tanning, flax mills, and the manufacture of woolens are the only branches of industry. Capital, Cahors. LOT, according to the Book of Genesis, the son of Haran, and nephew of Abra- ham, by whom he was brought up. He afterward settled at Sodom, where he was taken prisoner by the King of Edom, but rescued by Abraham. When Sodom was about to be destroyed, two angels came to Lot and obliged him to quit the place with his wife and daughters, when the former, for looking back, was turned into a pillar of salt. By his daughters he became the father of two sons, named Moab and Ammon, from whom sprung the Moabites and Ammonites. LOT-ET-GABONNE (lo-ta-ga-ron'), a department in the S. W. of France, formed out of parts of the old provinces of Guienne and Gascony, and comprising the arrondissements of Agen, Villeneuve, Marmande, and Nerac, watered by the Garonne and its tributaries, the Gers and Lot; area 2,078 square miles; pop. about 275,000. The department is a rolling plain and extremely fertile, ex- cept in the S. W., w?iere it is invaded by the landes; principal products wheat, maize, wine (20,000,000 gallons annu- ally), hemp, fruits (the plums of Agen are particularly celebrated), tobacco, I>otatoes, flax, and oil-plants; pine, cork, and chestnut woods are numerous; poul- try are reared in great numbers for exportation; manufacturing is confined chiefly to metal-works, paper-mills, woolen and cork factories, distilleries, and tanneries. Capital, Agen. LOTHAIBE I., Roman Emperor, eld- est son of LouiSLE Debonnaire (g. v.) ; born about 795. In 817 he was associated with his father in the empire, and named King of the Lombards in 820. He after- ward dethroned his father. After his father's death, Louis and Charles, his brothers, joined forces, and defeated Lothaire at Fontenoy, in 841. Two years afterward, the three brothers entered into a treaty at Verdun by which Lo- thaire retained the title of emperor, with Italy and some French provinces beyond the Rhine and the Rhone. Died in 855. LOTHAIBE II., Emperor of Ger- many, and Duke of Saxony, between 112B and 1137. He died in Italy, on his re- turn from an expedition against Roger, King of Sicily. LOTHIANS, THE. Name applied to three counties of Scotland, Edinburgh, Linlithgow, and Haddington. This name formerly included all the section of Scot- land held by the English in the eleventh century, a territory larger than the three counties. LOTHBOP, HABBIET MULFOBD, pseudonym Margaret Sidney, an Amer- Vol. VI— Cyc— A