Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 06.djvu/30

LOUGHBOROUGH 14 LOUIS reassume the presidency of the Cabinet, was intrusted by President Sadi-Carnot with the task of organizing the ministry with the larger part of its former constit- uents, himself assuming the portfolio of the Interior and the presidency of the Cabinet. M. Loubet was elected pres- ident of the Senate in 1896, to which position he was re-elected in January, 1898. He succeeded Felix Faure as president, Feb. 18, 1899, and remained in office until 1906, when he was succeeded by Clement Fallieres. LOUGHBOROUGH, a market-town of Leicestershire, England, with a popula- tion in 1920 of about 23,000. From a bell foundry located there came the great bell of St. Paul's Cathedral, London. The chief industry is hosiery manufacture, but there are also iron mills and dye works. It is one of the few cities in England not represented in Parliament. LOUIS, the name of various European rulers, as follows: GERMANY. Louis (16-e') I., surnamed le Debon- naire. Emperor of Germany and King of France; born in 778. He succeeded his father, Charlemagne, in 814. In 817 he associated his eldest son, Lothaire, with himself in the empire, and gave to his other two sons, Pepin and Louis, the kingdoms of Aquitaine and Bavaria. In 829 Louis created his younger son, Charles, whom he had by Judith of Bavaria, King of Germany; on which his other sons arose against him, deprived him of his crown, and shut him up in a monastery, where he died, June 20, 840. Louis II., surnamed the Young, Em- peror of Germany; born about 822. He was the only son of Lothaire I., and was created King of Italy in 844, ascending the imperial throne in 855. He died in 875. Louis III., called the Blind, Emperor of Germany. He was the son of Boson, King of Provence, and Ermengarde, daughter of the Emperor Louis the Young. He succeeded his father at the age of 10. He died about 923. Louis IV., Emperor of Germany; born in 893. He was the son of the Emperor Arnulphus, whom he succeeded in 899. He was the last prince in Germany of the Carlovingian race. Died in 911. Louis V., commonly called Louis of Bavaria, Emperor of Germany; born, in 1286. He was the son of Louis the Severe, Duke of Bavaria. He was elected em- peror in 1314, and the election resulted in civil war during which Louis was accidentally killed in 1347. PRANCE. Louis I., King of France. See Louis T., Emperor of Germany. Louis II., called the Stammerer, Kin;j of France; born in 846. He was; tli ^ son of Charles the Bald, was crowned King of Aquitaine in 867, and succeeded his father as King of France in 877. Died in Compiegne, in 879. Louis III., King of France; born about 863. He was the son of the preceding and brother of Carloman, with whom he enjoyed the kingdom. Died without issue in 882. Louis IV., surnamed d'Outremer, King of France; born in 921. He was the son of Charles the Simple and ascended the throne in 936. He invaded Noi-mandy, but was defeated and taken prisoner in 944. He regained his liberty the follow- ing year. He died of a fall from his horse in 954. Louis V., surnamed the Faineant (do- nothing), King of France; born in 966. He succeeded his father Lothaire in 986. He died in 987. Louis VI., called the Big, King of France; born about 1078. He was the son of Philip I., and succeeded to the throne in 1108. His reign was disturbed by wars with the Normans, and also by feu Is among his vassals. He also quar- reled with Henry I. of England, and thus were commenced the v;ars betwee.i the English and French which lasted during three centuries. He died in 1137. Louis VII., King of France; born about 1120. He was the son and suc- cessor of the preceding. He had a dis- pute with Pope Innocent II., on the right of presenting to benefices, and was ex- communicated by that pontiff. Alter a reconciliation Louis, by the persuasion^-, of St. Bernard, engaged in a crusade, but was defeated by Saladin. Having divorced his queen, Eleanor, she marri* d Henry of Normandy, afterward Henry I J. of England, to whom she brought, as her dower, the provinces of P itou and Guienne. This produced a new war between England and France, which lasted, with little intermission, for 21 years. He died in 1180. Louis VIII., named the Lion, King of France; born in 1187. He was the son of Philip Augustus and his queen Isabella of Hainault. He attempted, unsuccess- fully, to aid the English barons against King John, and withdrew to France in September, 1217. He succeeded his father in 1223, and in the following year recovered most of the English posses- sions in France, in spite of papal ex- communications. In 1226 he undertook