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MOTBIL 331 MOULINS or a grease. Various types of friction drive have been tried, but without excep- tion were unsuccessful. The power is often transmitted from the gears through a universal joint to a shaft which operates a gear in the differ- ential at the rear axle. By means of the differential gearing in the rear axle, com- pensation is made for different speeds with which the rear wheels must move when the car is not running in a straight line. By means of a shaft inside the rear axle, the power is transmitted to the rear or driving wheels. Steering is accomplished by the front wheels, which are movable, and controlled by a gear and arm, operated by a steer- ing wheel. Usually the car has two sets of brakes, the service brake, which is usually an external contracting hand brake operat- ing on a drum mounted on rear wheels, and the emergency brake, which is often an internal expanding shoe brake, also operating on the rear wheels, although brakes operating on the transmission are common. The frame of the car is of wood or steel. Rolled or pressed steel channel bars seem to be held in highest favor, and the various types of springs, such as flat, full, three-quarter, and semi-ellip- tic and platform are used to improve the riding qualities of the car. The artillery type of wooden wheels is held in highest favor, though wire and sheet or solid metal wheels are favored by some design- ers and drivers. MOTBIL, town and port in Granada, Spain, 32 miles S. E. of Granada. Its industries include foundries, sugar re- fineries, potteries, and soap works. Cala- honda and roadstead of Baradero con- stitute port. Pop. about 20,000. MOTT, JOHN BALEIGH, General Secretary of Young Men's Christian As- sociations; born in 1865, graduated from Cornell University in 1888. The same year he became chairman of the ex- ecutive committee of the Students' Volun- teer Movement, an undertaking which has occupied most of his life. This move- ment was designed to stimulate the de- sire for Christian service among college students, and under Mott's leadership it became a deeply religious and effective force. In 1895 Mott became general sec- retary of the World's Student Christian Federation. Mott has always been deep- ly interested in the foreign missionary work of the Y. M. C. A. and this made him a figure of national and interna- tional importance. In August, 1916, President Wilson appointed him on the Joint Commission to settle the differ- ences between the United States and Mexico, and the next year the President made him a member of the mission to Russia which was headed by Elihu Root. During the war with Germany Mott's energies were given to directing the great work of the Y. M. C. A. for the help of the American army and navy. MOTT, LTJCBETIA, an American re- former; born in Nantucket, Mass., Jan. 3, 1793. Early became interested in the movement against slavery. In 1818 she joined the Friends. In 1833 she assisted in the formation of the American Anti- Slavery Society, and in 1840 went to London as its delegate te the World's Anti-Slavery Convention. She was one of the four promoters of the Woman's Rights Convention in the United States. She died in Philadelphia, Pa., Nov. 11, 1880. MOTTE, FOBT, a Revolutionary fort, on the Congaree river, S. C, about 33 miles below Columbia. MOTTL, FELIX, an Austrian musi- cian and conductor; bom in 1856. Studied in the Conservatory of Vienna, and in 1881 became the court chapel mas- ter at Karlsruhe and conducted the phil- harmonic concerts there for the next ten years. From 1903-1911 he was general music director at Munich. In 1903-1904 he visited America and conducted in the Metropolitan Opera House^ New York. During his lifetime in addition to numer- ous single compositions he wrote two operas, "Agnes Bernauer" (1880) and "Fiirst und Sanger" (1892). Died in 1911. MOUFLON, MOUFFLON, or MUF- FLON, a wild species of sheep, formerly common in Spain, now restricted to Cor- sica and Sardinia. It is about the size of a common sheep, brownish-gray in color, with a dark dorsal streak, and a varying amount of white on the face and legs. Horns are present in the males only, and the tail is very short. MOULINS, a town in France, capital of the department of Allier, on the Allier, over which is a bridge of 13 arches, built 1750-1763. The principal public build- ings are the cathedral (Notre Dame), never completed, the magnificent mauso- leum of Duke Henry of Montmorency, and ruins of a castle belonging to the Dukes of Bourbon. It is a suffragan bishopric of Sens. Manufactures, ma- chinery for sawmills, straw and felt hats, and cabinet making. Marshal Villars, and the Duke of Berwick, natural sons of James II., were born here. Pop. about 20,000.