Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 08.djvu/455

SHERMAN 391 SHERMAN he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives, and was re-elected in 1900. He was lieutenant-governor of the LAWRENCE YATES SHERMAN State from 1904 to 1908, and in 1909 was elected United States Senator to fill the unexpired term of William Lorimer. He was re-elected in 1914 but declined to stand for re-election in 1920. SHERMAN, ROGER, an American statesman; born in Newton, Mass., April 19, 1721 ; was early apprenticed to a shoe- maker, and continued in that trade till 1743, when he removed to New Milford, Conn., and engaged in mercantile business with his brother. In 1745 he was ap- pointed surveyor for his county, and not long afterward furnished the astronomi- cal observations for an almanac published in New York. He was admitted to the bar in 1754; was several times elected to the Colonial Assembly; and in 1759 became judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Having removed to New Haven, Conn., in 1761, he became judge of the Common Pleas there in 1765, and a mem- ber of the upper house of the Legislature. He was a member of the Continental and National Congress in 1774-1791; one of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, of which he was a signer; and in 1787, in conjunction with Dr. Samuel Johnson and Oliver Ells- worth, served as a delegate to the conven- tion charged with the duty of framing the Federal Constitution. He died in New Haven, Conn., July 23, 1793. SHERMAN, THOMAS WEST, an Am- erican military officer; born in Newport, R. I., March 26, 1813; was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1836 and assigned to duty with the 3d Artillery. He served in the Florida and Mexican Wars, and for his services in the latter was brevetted major, Feb. 23, 1847. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was placed in command of a battery of United States artillery and later was made chief of light artillery in the defense of Washington, D. C. He organized an expedition for the capture of Bull's Bay, S. C, and Fernandina, Fla., for the use of the blockading fleet on the southern coast; commanded the land forces of the Port Royal expedition in 1861-1862; led a division in the De- partment of the Gulf in 1862-1863, and participated in the siege of Corinth. While leading a column in the assault on Port Hudson, La., on May 27, 1863, he lost his right leg, in consequence of which he was on leave of absence till February, 1864. On his return to duty he was placed in command of a reserve brigade of artillery in the Department of the Gulf, and later took charge of the de- fenses of New Orleans and the Southern and Eastern Districts of Louisiana. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted major- general of volunteers and major-general, U. S. A., for gallant services during the war. After the war he commanded at Fort Adams, R. I., and at Key West, Fla. He was retired as full major-gen- eral, U. S. A., on Dec. 31, 1870; and died in Newport, R. I., March 16, 1879. SHERMAN, WILLIAM TECUMSEH, an American military officer; born in Lancaster, Ohio, Feb. 8, 1820. His father, one of the judges of the Supreme Court of Ohio, died in 1829, and William was educated in the family of Thomas Ewing till he had reached the age of 16, when he went to the United States Military Academy; was graduated there in 1840, entered the army, and was promoted to 1st lieutenant in 1841. He acted as as- sistant adjutant-general in 1847, and ob- tained a brevet of captain, May, 1848, for meritorious services in California dur- ing the war with Mexico. He was ap- pointed commissary of subsistence in 1850, served at St. Louis and New Orleans, but finding his pay inadequate to support his