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TALE 469 YALE UNIVERSITY of his name with the college after its removal to New Haven. His full-length portrait hangs in Alumni Hall, Yale University. He died in London, July 8, 1721, but was buried at Wrexham, Wales. His epitaph contains the follow- ing well-known lines : "Born in America, in Europe bred. In Africa travel'd, and in Asia wed, Where long he liv'd and thrlv'd ; at London dead." YALE, LINUS, an American inven- tor; bom in Salisbury, N. Y., April 4, 1821; applied himself for a while to portrait painting, but in 1850 began to study mechanical problems. In 1851 he patented a safety lock, and thereafter till his death was a recognized authority on all matters pertaining to locks and safes. In the course of his work he be- came convinced of the necessity of aban- doning the use of a key-hole as afford- ing an easy means of introduction to the lock mechanism. This led to the adoption of a permanent dial and shaft as used in the combination locks, and subsequently to the perfection of what is known as the "clock" lock. His most not- able invention was the double lock, which comprised two locks within a single case, and operated by the same or different combinations. He was the recipient of gold, silver, and bronze medals as first awards at various expositions. He died in New York City, Dec. 24, 1868. YALE UNIVERSITY, an institution of higher learning' in New Haven, Conn. ; founded in Saybrook in October, 1701, as the Collegiate School of the colony under the trusteeship of 10 principal ministers. The classes were taught, however, at Killingworth, now Clinton, an adjoining tovni, till 1707. The insti- tution was permanently settled in New Haven in 1716, and in 1718 its name was changed to Yale College in honor of Elihu Yale. The name Yale College applied at first only to the new building. It was given formally to the institution in its charter of 1745. The chair of Divinity was added in 1755, and another of Mathematics, Physics, and Astronomy in 1771, though this was not permanently filled till 1794. Occasional grants were made to it by the legislature before the Revolution, and $30,000 was voted by the State in 1792. Schools of Medicine (1812), Theology (1822), and Law (1824) were estab- lished; and, as reorganized in 1871, the university possesses also departments of Philosophy and Arts, the latter in- cluding besides the classical course of "Yale College" proper, the Sheffield Scientific School (begun 1847, endowed 1868), post-graduate courses, and a School of Fine Arts (1864). A great part of the studies in the third and fourth years is elective. The University Library, including Linonian Brothers' Library, the Law Library, the Sheffield Scientific School Library, the Trow- bridge Reference Library of the Divinity School, the Lowell-Mason Library of Music, the Library of Foreign Missions and Art, the Medical School and Ameri- can Oriental Society Libraries, consists of over 1,000,000 volumes and pamphlets. The numerous buildings cover about nine acres in the heart of the city, the oldest dating from 1752. The Trumbull gal- lery consists of historical portraits and works numbering 54 pictures. The Jarvis Gallery of Italian Art has 122 paintings, dating from the 11th to the 17th cen- turies. The Alden collection of Belgian wood carvings of the 16th century com- prises about 150 feet of wainscoting and three confessionals from the Chapel in Ghent and a collection of about 50 paintings. In March, 1887, an act passed the Gen- eral Assembly of the State authorizing the use of the title Yale University by the president and fellows of Yale College. The president is the presiding officer of the Board of Trustees and of every board of instruction. He has no required duties of teaching. There are nine schools, each under a separate faculty: the College, the Sheffield Scientific School, the Graduate School, the School of Medicine, the School of Religion, the School of Law, the School of Fine Arts, the School of Music, and the School of Forestry. The Library, the Peabody Museum of Natural History, and the Observatory are severally organized independently of the special departments, and are de- signed to contribute, in their appropriate spheres, to the instruction and advance- ment of the whole institution. In recent years the university has de- veloped in all departments. Several new university laboratories, including the Osborn Memorial Laboratories and the Sloane Physics Laboratory, have been erected. The Memorial Quadrangle, the gift of Mrs. Stephen H. Harkness of New York City, provides rooms for ap- proximately 650 under-graduates, and is said to be the most beautiful group of college buildings in the United States. On March 19, 1919, the Yale Corporation adopted a new scheme of university or- ganization, which, among other things, called for the establishment of several new administrative offices, including the provost and dean of students; instituted a common freshman year for Yale Col- lege and the Sheffield Scientific School; centralized in a Board of Admissions the