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YONGE 478 YORK The bay is very beautifu., and, though only an open roadstead, affords a good and commodious anchorage. Work on a large harbor was carried out in 1889- 1896, the main object of which was to prevent the gradual silting up of the anchorage; it is inclosed by two break- waters IVi miles long, and an iron pier, 1,900 feet long, connected with the rail- way to the capital, 17 miles off. Yoko- hama is a center for tourists visiting Japan. The foreign community here is the largest in the country; after the Chinese, British residents, chiefly mer- chants and brokers, bulk most largely. There is an imperial health laboratory here, admirably conducted. The entire foreign trade of Yokohama in 1918 was about $665,163,000, the exports having a value of nearly double the imports. Silk represents three-fifths of the exports, the rest being other tissues, tea, rice, copper, curios, etc.; the imports are cotton and woolens, raw sugar, oils, metals, chemi- cals, arms, and ammunition, watches, etc. Pop. about 450,000. YONGE, CHARLOTTE MARY, an English novelist; born in Otterboume, Hampshire, England, Aug. 11, 1823. She published more than 30 novels, usually of "High Church" tendencies, the most popular of which are: "The Heir of Red- clyffe" (1853); and "Daisy Chain; or, Aspirations" (1856). The profits of the former were largely given by her to fit- ting out the missionary schooner "South- em Cross" for Bishop Selwyn, of New Zealand; those of the latter ($10,000) to the erection of a missionary college at Auckland, New Zealand. Among her his- torical and biographical works are: "The Kings of England" (1848) ; "Landmarks of History, Ancient, Middle Asre, and Modern" (1852-1857); "The Victorian Half Century" (1887) ; etc. She died in Winchester, March 24, 1901. YONKERS (yungk'urs), a city in Westchester co., N, Y. ; on the Hudson river and on the New York Central and Hudson River railroads ; immediately ad- joining New York City on the N. It is noted for its beautiful suburban resi- dences, many of which are built on the terraces of the Hudson, the shore of which here reaches an altitude of 425 feet above the tide water, thus giving grand views of the river and the op- posite shore. Here are Lowden and Hal- sted Schools, a high school, public li- brary, Hebrew Home for the Aged and Infirm, the Leake and Watts Orphan Home, Homoeopathic Home, St. Joseph's Hospital, St. John's Riverside Hospital, and "Graylock," the summer residence of the late Samuel J. Tilden. In the suburbs are the Convent of Mount St. Vincent and the former residence of Ed- win Forrest, now used as the art gallery of the convent. The public school en- rollment is over 10,000. The city has manufactories of carpets, hats, elevators, sugar, maltine, tools, chemicals, silk goods, etc. Pop. (1910) 79,803; (1920) 100,176. YONNE (yon), a department of France; surrounded by the departments of Seine-et-Mame,, Aube, Cote-d'Or, Nie- vre, and Loiret; area, 2,868 square miles; pop. about 300,000. The depart- ment is watered by the Yonne river, which flows across it in a N. E. direction. The surface is hilly, many of the hills being covered with fruitful vineyards, the intervening valleys being beautiful and fertile. There are some fine forests in the department. The vineyards yield large quantities of wine, the best being those of Chablis, Auxerre, and Tonnere. The chief mineral products are red gran- ite, marble, limestone, and ocher; and there are some miscellaneous manufac- tures. Capital, Auxerre. YORK, a city and county-seat of York CO., Pa.; on Codorus creek, and on the Pennsylvania, the Western Maryland and the Maryland and Pennsylvania railroads; 28 miles S. S. E. of Harris- burg. Here are a Young Ladies' Sem- inary, Collegiate Institute, County Acad- emy, business colleges, court house, num- erous churches, several libraries, hos- pital and dispensary, street railroads, electric lights, a number of public parks, several National and other banks, and daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. It has foundries, car shops, manufac- tories of agricultural implements, shoes, condensed milk, wall paper, iron and steel, organs and pianos, cigars, soap, hosiery, wire cloth, carriages, and wagons, etc. From Sept. 30, 1777, until June 27, 1778, the Continental Congress met here while Philadelphia was occu- pied by the British army. Pop. (1910) 44,750; (1920) 47,512. YORK (Latin, Eboracum), a cathedral city and archbishop's see, a municipal and parliamentary borough, and capital of Yorkshire, England, 188 miles N. of London, at the confluence of the Foss and the Ouse. The city proper, embrac- ing a circuit of nearly 3 miles, was in- closed by walls, restored by Edward I., the portions of which still remaining have been converted into promenades, commanding a prospect of the surround- ing country. There are many quaint old-fashioned houses in the narrow streets of its older portion. The great object of attraction; however, is the