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9.

of Miako or Kyoto as found in Cornwallis, Kaempfer, and Hildreth.[1] Cornwallis claims to be reporting what a Dutchman at Nagasaki had told him, and places the date of the Dutchman's visit to Miako in 1853. Aside from the fact that the whole passage is a palpable theft from Kaempfer as quoted by Hildreth, Cornwallis was unaware of the fact that Miako at that time had not been visited by Westerners for many years.[2] Perhaps it might also be added that Cornwallis retained spellings like Jodobas (for Yodobashi) and Jamatto (for Yamato) which would have been proper in transcriptions by Dutch-men or Germans, whose y sound is represented by the letter j, but not by Cornwallis as an Englishman who should have represented the sound by y.

The extensive use which Cornwallis made of Hildreth is also evidenced by Cornwallis' plagiarism of certain passages that Hildreth had borrowed with more honest documentation from two sections of Carl Peter Thunberg's Travels in Europe, Africa, and Asia in which Thunberg had described, first, the plants in and around Nagasaki, and, second, the plants of the Hakone mountains.[3] Cornwallis, coming later, took Hildreth's


  1. Cf. Cornwallis, II, viii, 147-48 with Kaempfer, op. cit., III, 21, and Hildreth, op. cit., xxxv, 349-50.
  2. See James Murdoch, History of Japan (1910-25), III, 614.
  3. Carl Peter Thunberg, Travels in Europe. Africa, and Asia (ed. 3, 1796), III, 81¾86, 160-65.