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fome foundation ; fince where the humors are collected, there will be fuch a relaxation ; but when we confider all the circumftances of the difeafe, and obferve that relaxing medicines are the only cure for it, we muft acknowledge, that though a relaxation of fome part of the afpera arteria may be in the cafe, yet that the origin of the complaint is from a conftri&ion of fome part of it ; and it appears, that the longer this complaint remains with people, the greater the confection becomes ; fo that after a courfe of years, the voice is not only boarfe, but is in a manner mpprefled fo, that it can fcarce be heard. Jun&er's Confp. Med. p. 505.
RAVEL breads a fort of bread, called alfo blachvhytlof, as be- ing of a middle finenefs betwixt white and brown.
RAVEN, corvus, in ornithology." See Corvus.
It is rare to find this creature white, yet it happens fome- times. Boyle a mentions one. There was alfo one fhewn to the Royal Society not long ago. — [ 3 Works Abr. Vol. 2. p. 46. J
Night Raven, an Englifh name for a heron which, flies in the nightj and makes a very odd and hoarfe noife. It has been applied by fome to the bittern, or ardea Jlellaris, but improperly, belonging of right to the ardea cinerea minor, or fmaller grey heron, called nyclicorax. Rays Ornithol. See Nycticorax.
RAVIS, the fame with raucedo. See Raucedo.
RAUTY mummy, or Rauty mttddum, Jlone mummy, a name given by the people of the Eaft-Indies to a kind of foffile fubftance, much valued for its medicinal virtues. It is of the nature of the felenitcs, and is found upon the high rocks, and fuppofed to be generated of the dew which falls from the heavens ; but this is an idle opinion, and the formation of it is evidently the fame with that of the European rhom- boidal felinites. They beat it to powder, and after boiling it m milk, they give it in cafes of the venereal kind. In a common clap, they give half a fcruple night and morn- ing. Woodward's Cat. FofT. Vol. 2. p. 9.
RAY, rata, in ichthyology. See Raia.
Ray, in our old writers, a word appropriated to cloth never coloured, or dyed. 11 Hen. IV- c. 6. Blount, Coweh
Ray (Cycl.) — Ray of curvature, in geometry, is ufed to Sig- nify the femi-diamctcr of the circle of curvature. See Curvature, appendix.
RAYCHE, in ichthyology. See Rayte, infra.
RAYTE, or RYCHE, in ichthyology, a name given by Joannes Cuba, Albertus, and others, to the common fkaite, or flaire. See the article Raia.
RAZE, in the manege. A horfe is faid to have razed, whofe corner teeth ceafe to be hollow ; fo that the cavity, where the black mark was, is filled up; that is, even, fmooth, and razed, or lhaven, as it were, and the mark difappears. See the articles Teeth and Mark.
RAZOR bill, in zoology, the common Englifh name of the alka, a web-footed bird with no hinder toes, common on our fea fhores. See Alka.
Razo R-f/h. See the article Dactylus,
REAR (Cycl.)— Rear half fiies, in the military art. See File leaders.
Rear up, in the manege, called in French cabrer, is faid of a horfe that rifes upon his hinder legs, as if he would come quite over.
REARED, or /^-Reared. See Wale-w^.
REBUS, [Cycl.) a word ufed by the chemical writers fome- times to (ignify four milk, and fometimes for what they call the ultimate matter, of which all bodies are compofed.
RECEIVER [Cycl.)— It is to be obferved, that a very fmall crack in the receiver, ufed in pneumatical experiments, does not render them ufelefs ; for, upon evacuating the internal air, the external prefling the glafs on all fides, brings the edges of the glafs clofer together. But in cafe of confider- able flaws, a plafter may be applied, made of quick lime, finely powdered, and nimbly ground, with a proper quan- tity of the fcrapings of cheefe, and water enough to bring the mixture to a foft pafte ; which, when the ingredients are well incorporated, will have a ftrong and fetid {cent ; and then it muft be immediately fpread upon a linnen cloth, and applied, left it begin to harden. Boylis Works Abr. Vol. 2. p. 417.
Receivers, in chemiftry, vefTels of earth, glafs, &c. for receiving any diftilled liquor. See Tab. of Chemiftry, N° 22, 23, and 34.
RECEPTACULUM (l^/.J-Receptaculum/^wb, in botany, the name given by authors to the bafe of the flowers and feeds in the fyngenefue, or compound flowered plants. This is alfo called, by fome writers, thalamus flof- culonun. The flowers ftand on this in confiderable num- bers, and without any pedicles. The difk of the recepta- u't is of various ihapes in the various plants ; in fome it l * flat, in others concave, in others convex j in fome glo-
bular, and
in many pyramidal. Its furface is fometimes
naked, and fometimes paleaceoire. In thofe plants, in which
the lmface h naked, it is either abfolutely fmooth, or fur-
, mined with fmall tubercles, or wiih a few hairs. In thofe
m whlc « it is paleaceous, it is all over befet with narrow
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pointed paleae, which are erect, comprefled, and ftand be- tween the flowers.
RECEPTARIf, a term of reproach ufed to fuch phyficians as write pompous receits for loads of medicines, more con- futing the good of the apothecary than the patient ; as alfo for fuch as give receits for general medicines, to be ufed at the difcretion of people wholly unacquainted with the na- ture of difeafes.
RECESSUS, [Cycl.) a word ufed by fome medical writers to exprefs an abfeefs, or apofthumation.
RECIMUS, among the Romans, a kind of fquare mantle, or veil worn by women on their head. Salma'fius will have it to have been a fort of gown ufed by the Roman ladies, and tucked up before with a fquare pin, of a purple co- lour. Danet. in voc.
RECIPROCAL, (Cycl.) in mathematics, is applied to quan- tities, which multiplied together produce unity a . Thus — and x, y and y are reciprocal quantities. And ~ is faid to be the reciprocal of x, which, vice verfa, is the reciprocal of
- "~L a Maclaurin de Lin. Geom. propriet. general, p. 10.]
See the Appendix to his Algebra.
RECITANTE. SceFAvoRiTo.
RECLASSE, auricula, in botany. See Auricula.
The characters of a good flower of this fort are thefe. 1 . The ftem of the flower muft be lofty and ftrong. 2. The foot-ftalk of the flower muft be lhort, that the umbel may be regular and cloTe. 3. The pipe, or neck of each flower ihould be lhort, and the flowers large and regularly fpread, being no ways inclinable to cup. 4. The colours muft be very bright, and well mixed. 5. The eye of the flower " muft be large and round, and of a good white or yellow, and the tube or neck muft not be too wide. Thefe are to be raifed from feeds ; to procure which the beft flowers fhould be made choice of, and thefe muft be expofed to the open air, and to fhowers, that the feeds may be perf&ft. The time of their ripening is June, and they are known to be ripe by the feed vefTel becoming brown and opening. This feed may be fown any time between Auguft and Chriftmas ; and the beft foil for it is good frefti light fandy mould, mixed with very rotten cow dung, or tanners bark. With this the boxes or pots muft be filled, and the feeds lightly fcattered on it, and covered an inch deep with rotten willow mould. Cover the furface with nets, or otherwife, to preferve the feed from birds, and give the boxes half the day's fun. In March the young plants will appear, and they muft then only have the morning fun till ten o'clock. They muft be carefully watered after this, a little at a time, and in July they will be readv to tranfplant. They muft be fet in the fame fort of earth, at three inches diftance, and {haded carefully, till they have taken root. The fpring following thefe young plants will flower, and then the fineft of them fhould be marked, and each removed into a pot of the fame earth, in which they are to be kept till the next fpring, when it will appear what they truly are.
The fine flowers, thus obtained, may afterwards be propa- gated from flips, or off-fets taken from the old roots in April when they are in bloom ; and thefe muft be managed juft as the young plants from feed, and the fecond year will produce perfect flowers.
Thefe are the rules for the propagating thefe plants ; but in order to have them flower in perfection, the following rules muft alfo be obferved.
1. The plants muft be preferved from too much wet in winter, and muft have free air, and not too much Rin.
2. In the beginning of February, if the weather be mild, the earth in your auricular pots muft be taken off as far as may be, without difturbing the roots, and new frefh earth laid in its place. 3. The pots muft be covered with matting in the night, to defend them from frofts while the plants are budding. 4. When the ftalk begins to he long, they muft be defended from hafty rains, yet not kept too much under cover, which draws up the ftalk too long, and makes it weak ; and they muft be watered frequently, a little at a time, and none of the wet muft be fuffered to fall on the plant. 'Laftly, when the flowers begin to open, the pots fhould be removed to a ftage of fhelves, one over another, placed under cover, open to the morning fun, but fheltcred from the midday's fun. Here they may remain till their flowers are paft, and then they muft be fet out to have the benefit of the rains and free rir, for the ripening of the feed, which muft be laved carefully, and fpread on papers, and laid to dry. Miller's Gardners Diet.
RECLINATE7M. See the article Stalk.
RECOGNITORS, recognitores. The jury impanelled upon an afftze are called recognitors, becaufe they acknowledge a diffeifin by their verdict. BracJ. lib. 5. Cowel.
RECOLATION, a method of fining the decoctions of ve- getables, £3*f. by repeated percolation, or ftraining them feveral times fuccefEvely through a linnen or woollen bag.
RECOMPOSITION, in chemiftry, the compounding of bodies from their feparated parts, or principles, lb as to
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