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in, or within fovea Miles of Lon imprifon them at difcretion.
- 5 to fine, amerce, and
"the Number of Fellows was a-ntiently 30, till King Charles II. increas'd their number to 40 h and King James II, giving 'em a new Charter, allow'd the Number of Fel- lows to be enlarg'd, h as not to exceed fourfcore ; reierving to himfelf and Succeffors, the Power of placing and diipla- cing any of 'em for the future. .__ ;.
The College are not very rigorous in afferting their Privile- ges 5 there being a great Number of lnyficians, tome ot very good Abilities, who praaife in London, &c. without their Licenfe ; and are conniv'd at by the College : yet, by Law, if any Perlbn, not exprefly allow'd to praftife, take on him 'the Cure of any Difcale, and the Patient die under his hand, 'tis dcem'd Felony in the Prafticer.
In 1696, the College made a Subfcription, to the Number of 4.2 of their Members, to fet on foot a Difpenfatory, for the Relief of the fick Poor : fince that, they have creeled two other Difpenfatories. See Dispensatory.
Grefljam College, or College ofPhilofophy 5 a College founded by Sir itho. Grejbam, and endow'd with the Re- venue of the Royal-Exchange : One Moiety of this Endow- ment the Founder bequcath'd to the Mayor, and Alder- men of London, and their Succeffors, in truft, that they ihould find four able Perfons to read within the College, Di- vinity, Geometry, Ailronomy, and Mufick ; and to allow each, befides Lodging, 50 Pounds per Ann.
The other Moiety he left to the Company of Mercers, to find three more able Perfons, to read Civil Law, Phyfick, and Rhetorick, on the fame Terfrfs ; with this Limitation, that the feveral Lecturers Jhould read in Term-time, every Day in the Week, except Sundays ; in the Morning in La- tin , in the Afternoon the fame in Englijb : that in Mufick to be only read in Bnglijb.
In this College formerly met the Royal Society, that noble Academy, inftituted by K. Charles II. and celebrated thro'- out the World, for their Improvements in Natural Know- ledge. See their Hijiory arid Policy, under Society.
College of Heralds, or College of Arms, a Corpora- tion founded by Charter of King Richard III. who granted 'em feveral Privileges ; as, to be free from Subiidies, Tolls, Offices, £5?c. See Herald.
They had a fecond Charter from King Edward VI. and a Houfe built near 2)oc~icrs- Commons, by the Earl of 1)erby, in the Reign of Y^xngHenry VII. was given 'em by the Duke of Norfolk, in the Reign of Queen Alary 5 which Houfe is now rebuilt.
Of this Collegiate Society, are three Officers ftiled Kings of Arms, Reges Armorum Anglicorum. See King at Arms. Six Heralds. See Herald. And four Purfuivants. See Pursuivant.
Colleges of Common Laiv. See Inns of Court, and Chancery.
Colleges for difabled Soldiers, Seamen, &c. See Hos- pitals.
COLLEGIANS, a Religious Seel, form'd among the Ar- minians and Anabaptifts in Holland ; fo called, becaufe of their Colleges, or Meetings the firfr Sunday in each Month 5 where every one has the fame Liberty of expounding the Scripture, Praying, %$c.
They are faid to be all either Arians, or Sociniam : They never Communicate in the College, but meet twice a Year from all Parts of HolUind at Rinsbourgh, a Village two Miles from Leydcn, where they Communicate together 5 admit- ting every one that prefents himfelf, without regard to his Sect or Opinion. They have no particular Minifters, but each officiates as he is difpos'd. They never baptize with- out plunging.
COLLEGIATE, or COLLEGIAL Churches, are thofe which have no Bifhop's See ; yet have the antient Retinue of the Bifhop, the Canons and Prebends. See Church, Canon, g£c.
Such are, among us, Wefiminjher, Rif>pon, Windfor, &c.
Of thefe Collegiate Churches there are two Kinds ; fome of Royal Foundation, others of Ecclefiaftical Foundation : each of them, in Matters of Divine Service, are regulated in the fame manner as the Cathedrals. See Cathedral.
There are even fome Collegiate Churches which have the Epifcopal Rights. Some of thefe Churches were antiently Abbies ; which, in time, were feculariz'd. See Aeby.
The Church of St. Peter's Wejlminfter was antiently a Cathedral 5 but the Revenues of the Monaftery being by Ac! of Parliament i Q Eliz. vefted in the Dean and Chapter, it commene'd a Collegiate Church.
In feveral Caufes, the lliling it Cathedral, inftead of Colle- giate Church of Weflm'wflcr, has occafion'd Error in the Pleadings.
COLLETICS, in .Medicine, fuch Remedies as join, and glue together the feparated Parts, or Lips of a Wound, or Ulcer; in order to re-eftablifh 'em in their natural Union. See Acglutinant, Wound, &c.
Colleticks are more deficcative than Sarcoticsj but Iefs f than Epulotics. See Sarcotics, and Epulotics. Among Colletics are rank'd Litharge, Aloes, Myrrh & c The Word comes from the Greek ^'^w^f, fomethingth',1 has the Virtue of gluing together.
COLLIQUATION, in Pharmacy, the Aftion of melting together two, or more folid Subftanccs 5 or rendring'em liquid by Fufion, or Diflblution 5 as Wax, Mucilages, &c. by Heat • Gums, &c. by Moifture. See Fusion, Dissolution, & c
Colliquation is alfo us'd to exprels fuch a Tempera. ment, and Difpofition of the Animal Fluids, as proceeds from a too lax Compages ; whereby they flow off thro' the feveral Glands, and particularly thro' thofe of the Skin, faiter than they ought ; which occafions Fluxes of many Kinds but moftly, profufe greafy, clammy Sweats.
If this Colliquation continue, it generally terminates in an He£Kc Fever, and is ufually a Concomitant of one. See Hectic.
The curative Intention in this Cafe, is the giving a better Confidence to the Juices by Balfamicks and Agglutinants ■ and the hardening of the Solids by Subattringents. Hence
COLLIQUATIVE Fever, is a Fever attended with 'a Diarrhea, or profufe Sweats, from too loofe a Contexture of the Fluids. See Colliquation 5 lee alfo F.ever.
COLLISEUM, or COLISEUM, in the antient Architec- ture, an oval Amphitheater, built at Rome by Vefpafian, in the Place where Hood the Pond of Nero's gilded Houfe.
In this were feen Statues, reprefenting all the Provinces of the Empire ; in the middle whereof flood that of Rome, holding a golden Apple in her Hand. The fame Term, Cot- lifettm, is alfo given 10 another Amphitheatre of the Empe- ror Severus.
In thefe Collijea were reprefented Games, and Combats of Men and wild Beafts : There is now little remaining of ei- ther of them ; Time and War having redue'd 'em to Ruins. See Amphitheatre.
The Word is form'd from Cofajfeum, on account of the Colojfus of Nero, that ftood near it : or, according to Nar- dini, from the Italian Colifeo.
COLLISION, the Fri&ion, or Percuffion of two Bodies moving violently with different Directions, and darning againft each other. _
For the Laws of the Collifion of Bodies, fee Percussion. COLLUSION, a fecret Underilanding between two Par- ties, who plead, or proceed fraudulently againft. each other, to the prejudice of a third.
In the Canon Law, Collufion, in Matters of Benefices, va- cates the Benefice 5 and incapacitates the Perfon from holding any Benefice at all.
COLLUTHIANS, a Religious Se£t, who arofe about the Beginning of the IVth Century ; on occafion of the Mildnefs and Indulgence fhewn to Arms, by Alexander Patriarch of Alexandria.
Several People being fcandahVd at fo much Condefcen- fion j and among the reft Colluthus,a. Prieft of the fame City; he hence took a Pretence for holding feparate AflTemblies, and by degrees proceeded to the Ordination of Priells ; as if he had been a Bifhop : pretending a Neceffity for this Au- thority, in order to oppofe Arms.
To his Schifm he added Herefv ; teaching, that God did not create the Wicked 5 that he was not Author of the Evils that befal Men, &c.
He was condemn'd in a Council held at Alexandria by OJius, in the Year 535.
COLLYRIDIANS, antient Hereticks, denominated from a little Cake, call'd by the Greeks Collyra, which they offer'd to the Virgin Alary.
This Seci, it feems, confifted chiefly of Arabian Women, who, out of an Extravagance of Devotion to the Virgin, met on a certain Day in the Year, to celebrate a folemn Feaft, and to render Divine Honours to Alary as to a God- defs ; eating the Cake which they offer'd in her Name. St. Epiphanius, who relates the Hiftory of this fuperltitious Ce- remony, laughs at it.
COLLYRIUM, in Medicine, an external Remedy, par- ticularly appropriated to Difeafes of the Eyes. See Eye.
There are two Kinds of Collyriums- 3 the one liquid, the other dry.
Liquid Collyriums are compos'd of Ophthalmic Pouders, or Waters $ as Rofe- Water, Plantain- Water, that of Fennel, Eyebright, &c. wherein they diftolve Tutty, White Vitriol, or fome other proper Pouder.
The 2)ry, are Troches of Rhafis, Sugar-candy, Iris, Tutty prepar'd, &c. blown into the Eye with a little Pipe.
The fame Name is alfo given to Unguents uied for the fame Purpofe 5 as Unguent of Tutty, and feveral others,
Laftly, the Name is given, tho improperly, to fome liquid Medicines ufed againft Venereal Ulcers. ^
The Word Collyrium comes from the Greek kcAAk&gi' 5 a nd that, according to Martinhis, from k<jm£c tIv ?*v j becaule it glues up, and prevents DeSuxions. „
