EPI [325] EPI
Add, that the Armenians, to this Day, celebrate the Feaft of the Nativity, on the Day of Epiphany, according to the Practice of the ancient Church; which fome Romish Miffionaries have impertinently cenfured 'em for, not knowing that the Epiphany, originally, and properly, was the Nativity of our Saviour.
Ammianus Marcellinus makes mention of this Feaft, Lib. XXI. c. 2. and obferves that it was held in January. Upon which Paffage, Valefius in his Notes, endeavours to fhew, that the Hiftorian meant by Epiphany, the Feast of the Nativity. The Heathen Writers ufed the Word Epiphania in the like Senfe, viz. to exprefs the Appearance of their Gods on Earth. And the Chriftians, after their Example, applied it, in the general, to exprefs any Appearance, or Manifeftation of the Deity. EPIPHONEMA, in Rhetoric, a Figure of Speech. Sce FIGURE. The Epiphonema is a fententious Kind of Exclama- tion, frequently added after a Narrative, or Rchcarfal, of any Thing remarkable; containing, ufually, a lively, cloſe Reflection, on the Subject there ſpoke of. Such is that of St. Paul, when, after difcourfing of the Rejection of the Jews, and the Vocation of the Gen- tiles, he cries out: Oh the Depth of the Wisdom and Knowledge of God! Such alfo is that of Lucretins, after relating the Story of Agamemnon's facrificing his Daughter Iphigenia: Tantum Religio potuit fuadere malorum- Such, laftly, is that of Virgil, upon Occafion of Juno's perfecuting Eneas: 411 Fantene animis Cæleftibus Ire! Which M. Boileau has imitated in, Tant de fiel entre il en l' Ame des Devots? And Mr. Pope in, And dwells fuch Rege in fofteft Boforms then? And lodge fuch daring Souls in little Me12? con- EPIPHORA, in Medicine, a Difcafe of the Eyes ; fifting in a preternatural Defluxion of Rheum, or the Matter of Tears; accompanied, frequently, with Heat, Redness, and Twitching. Pitcairn calls it a Kind of Ca- tarrh of the Glands of the Eye. The internal Caufes of the Epiphora, or Rheum in the Eyes, are a Relaxation of the Glands of the Eyes, and a too great Acrimony, or Sharpneſs of the ferous Humour feparated thereby; which fretting and vellicating the Eye, draws an unuſual Quantity of Blood and Lympha thereto; by which, at length, the Cheek becomes exco- riated, &c. Children are moft liable to it, from the fre- quent Ufe, and ftraining of the Glands of the Eye in Crying. A The external Caufes of the Epiphora, are ſharp Dufts, Steams, &c. cntring the Eye, and irritating the fame. too cold and fharp Air has frequently the like Effect. Children are moft liable to it. An inveterate Epiphora frequently degenerates into a Fiftula Lacrymalis. The Cure of the Epiphora, is, 1°. By caufing a Revul- fion, or Derivation, of the peccant Humour, to fome other Part, as by Venæfection, Cupping, Bliftering, or Cathar- ticks. 2°. By correcting its Acrimony by proper Remedies. And, 3°. By applying Aftringents externally. Lapis Ca- laminaris is much commended. The Word is Greek, form'd of equal, I am drawn. EPIPHYSIS, in Anatomy, is a leffer Bone, adhering, or growing to another, by fimple Contiguity. See BONE. The Subftance of the Epiphyfes is rare and lax; in young Children it is merely cartilaginous; but hardens as they grow in Age, and, at length, becomes quite bony. "Tis commonly laid down, that there is no regular Arti- culation between the Epiplyfis and the Bone; tho' 'tis certain, that there is a reciprocal Adimiffion of the Heads, or Extremities of each, into the Cavities of the other. See ARTICULATION.
EPIPHYSES Vermiformes, are two Eminences of the Cerebellum, fhaped like Worms, which keep open the Paffage from the third to the fourth Ventricle. In dilating the third Ventricle of the Brain, we per- ceive four Eminences, two upper, and two bigger, call'd orbicular Protuberances; and two lower, and lefs, call'd Epipifes of the orbicular Protuberance. Dionis. EPIPLASMA, the fame with Cataplafma. See CA- TAPLASM. EPIPLOCELF, in Medicine, a Kind of Hernia, or Tumor, occafion'd by the Defcent of the Epiploon, or Caul, into the Scrotum. See HERNIA. See alfo EN- TERO-Epiplocele. There are fome Bones that have no Epiphyfes at all, as the lower Jaw: Others have no lefs than five, as the Vertebre. The Defign of adding Epiphyfes to Bones, was, to fupply their Defects, and render them longer and bigger at the Extremes. The Word is form'd of the Greek, em, on, upon, and Quely, to grow, adhere. It is also called Appendix, Ad- disamentum, Adnafcentia, &c.
EPIPLOIC, or EPIPLOIDES, a Term applied to the Arteries and Veins, diftributed through the Subftance of the Epiploon, or Caul. Scc EPIPLOON.
EPIPLOIS Dextra, is a Branch of the Celiack Artery, which runs thro' the right Side of the inner, or hinder Leaf of the Caul. See CELIAC.
ErIPLOIS Siniftra, is a Branch of the Celiack Artery; which is beſtowed on the lower and left Side of the Caul, Sce CELIAC.
EPIPLOIS Poftica, is a Branch of the Celiack Artery, fpringing out of the lower End of the Splenica, and run- ning to the hinder Leaf of the Caul.
EPIPLOMPHALUS, in Medicine, a Species of Ex- omphalus, or Navel-Rupture; being a Tumor, or Swel- ling of the Part, occafion'd by the Epiploon's bearing tog hard againft it. See EXOMPHALUS.
The Word is compounded of the Greek ομφαλός. cor, and
EPIPLOON, in Anatomy, a fatty Membrane, fpread over the Intestines, and entering even into the Sinuofities thereof; call'd alfo the Omentum, and popularly the Caul See OMENTUM.
The Word is form'd of the Greek, new, to fwim, by reafon it forms to float on the Intestines.
EPIPLOSARCOMPHALUS, in Medicine, a Sort of Tumor, of the Exomphalous Kind. It is form'd of the Epiploon, and the Flefh. Sce FXOMPHALUS.
The Word is compounded of the three Greek Words, Ginoov, Epiploon, as, Flesh, and oppaxis, Umbil.cuss Navel
EPISCOPACY, the Quality of Epifcopal Government; or that Form of Church Difcipline, wherein Diocefin Bishops are eſtabliſh'd, diftinct from, and fuperior to Pricits or Presbyters. See BISHOP, HIERARCHY, CC.
Epifcopacy and Presbytery, have been alternately cfta- blifhed and abolished in Scotland. Sce PRESBYTERY.
EPISCOPACIDE, the Crime of murdering a Bifhop by one of his own Clergy.
By the Laws of England, the fame Obedience is due from a Clergyman to his Bishop, as from a Child to his Father: And therefore the Offences of Epifcopacide and Parricide are made equal, viz. Petty-Treafon. See TREASON.
EPISCOPAL, fomething that belongs to a Bifhop. See
BISHOP.
The Epifcopal Government, is the Government of a
Diocefe, wherein one fingle Perfon, legally Confecrated,
prefides over a whole Clergy, or a whole Church, in Qua-
lity of Head, or Super-intendent thereof; conferring Orders,
and exercifing a Sort of Juri'diction. Sec DIOCESE.
The Presbyterians reject the Epifcopal Eftablishment,
and condemn the Epifcopal Order as a human Inftitu-
tion, the inere Refult of Pride and Ambition. See PRESBYTERIANS.
Among the Fpifcopal Functions, the principal is that of making frequent Vifitations of the Diocefe. See VISITATION.
The Word is form'd of the Latin, Epifcopus, Bishop ; derived from the Greek, mouens, infpicere, to inspect, whence moms, Inspector, Bishop; who is to watch over the Flock committed to his Care.
EPISCOPALIA, is fometimes uſed in the fame Scnfe with Pontificalia. See PONTIFICALIA. It is alfo ufed to denote Synodals, or cuftomary Pay- ments, due to the Biſhops from the Clergy of his Diocefez call'd alfo Onus Epifcopale. tain to the Church of England, and particularly to the
EPISCOPALIANS, a Name given to thofe who re- Ecclefiaftical Hierarchy, fuch as it was in the Romish of Biſhops, Pricfts, Canons, the Office, or Liturgy, Co. Church, before the Reformation; who affect the Difcipline and retain the greatest Part of the Canon Law, with the Decretals of the Popes, more clofely than the Ca- tholicks themſelves of feveral Countries. Tho', as to Matters of Doctrine, or Faith, they agree in moft Points with the Calvinilts, or Reformed.
