HAN
[ 206 ]
HAR
Zon^lkrtn, Lo7!gi?natms. — A Kind of Title, or Sur- The End of the XIV th Century, and the Beginning of
name, "illumed by certain Princes. Artaxerxes, the Son the XV th, were the moft flourifhing Times of this Al-
of Xerxes, and his Succcffor in the <Perfian Empire, were liance. ■ — They were then in a Condition to proclaim
thus denominated ; as having one Hand longer than the War againft Kings : Hiftory is not filent, as to that
other, they waged againft Waldemar King of Denmark, about
Short Hand. See Taciieography. the Tear 1348; and againft Eric, in 1+18; particularly
"Bloody Hand. See BhoonY-Haad. this laft, where the Hanfeatic Fleet confifted of Forty
Hand is alfo figuratively ufed in Painting, Sculpture, Ships, containing above 12,000 Regular Troops, belide
6?c. for the Manner or Style of this or that Matter. See the Seamen.
Manner Style &c. But the feveral Princes, whofe principal Cities were
Hands' are born in Coat Armour, dexter and Jinifter ; enter'd into the Affociation, began to think it Policy to
that is right and left • expanded or open, and after other put fome Bounds to a Power, which, in Time, might
Manners have F rove d formidable to themfclves. ■ — • The Means
Azure a dexter Hand couped at the Wrift, and ex- were eafy, and fhort: Each withdrew the Merchants of
tended in pale Argent ■ is born by the Name of Brome. his Country from the Affociation; which, in a little Time,
. Argent, three fluifter Hands, couped at the Wrift, Gules, from the great Number of Cities it had comprehended,
by the Name of Maynard. found it f'elf funk to thofe few which had begun the
The Kniohts Baronets, are to bear in a Canton, or in Confederacy; which henceforth was call'd the Teutonic
an Escutcheon, which they plcafe, the Arms of Ulfter, Hanfe. Tho' thefe are ftill fo confiderable in Point of
viz. In a Field Argent, a ftmfter Hand couped at the Commerce, that they are admitted to make Treaties with
Wrift, Gules. See Baronet.
Hand-»<voto, from the Saxon, Bop5-hand, a Surety, ejl quafi iias, aut fidei infer manueufis, hoc eft, minor, feu inferior; nam Head-borow, vas eft Capitalis, vel fllperior. Spelman. See Head Borough.
B.AN-D-8readtb, is fometimes ufed for a Meafure of three Inches. See Inch and Measure.
the greateft Kings.
The Divifions that were got among them, contributed greatly to their Fall : Nor muft it be forgot, that the Eftablifhment of the Republic and Commerce of Holland had its Share therein.
The four firft Cities which form'd the League, were Lubec, Cologn, Brunfwick, and Dantzick, which were
Hand or Handful, is alfo a Meafure of four Inches, call'd Mother-Towns ; as thofe afterwards added thereto, by the Standard; according to the Stat. 33 .ff. 8. Cap. 5. were call'd Daughters thereof. See Measure -"■ great Number of Towns m Germany, mil retain the
The Hand among Jockeys is four Fingers Breadth, and Title of Hanfe Towns ; but this is rather an empty is the Mcafjre of a Fift clench'd; by which the Height Title which they affefl:, than any Argument of their of Horfes is meafured.
A Horfe for War fhould be itf or ,18 Hands high.
HAND-HABEND, in our ancient Cuftoms, denotes a Thief taken in the very Fafl. See Hond-habend.
Si quis hominem liberum latrocinium, fen rem furatam featmdeferentem (quern bsbbenope hanba vacant) com- prehender.it, &c. Concil. Berghamfted, Anno 697.
HANDLING, a Term ufed in Refpeft of fighting
continuing to trade under the Laws and Protection of the ancient Alliance; there being fcarce any but Lubec, Hamburgh, Bremen, Roftock, Brunfzvick, and Cologn, that are truly Hanfeatic, and that have Deputies at the Affemblies held on the common Occafions thereof.
The great Trade the Dutch maintain with the Hanfe Towns, contributes not a little towards maintaining fome Part of them in their ancient Reputation ; and 'tis prin-
it^u^ssy, aierm u!„i --"J*" ». ,^"*^ dpally to their Alliance with that flourifhing Republic. Cocks; fignifying the meafur.ng the Girtl 1 of them, by ^PJ 1 ^ ^ preW . on rf thdr Lih ^ tk J The
griping one's Hands and Fingers about the Cock's Body.
HANGINGS, Linings for Rooms, made of Arras, Ta- peftry, &c. See Tapestry.
HANGS-Otier, in Building. See Batter.
HANSE, or ANSE, an ancient Name, for a Society or Company of Merchants ; particularly thofe of certain Ci- ties in Germany, Sec. hence call'd Hanfe Towns. See Com- pany and Hanse Town.
Hanse Towns, certain Free Towns of Germany, and the North, united in ftrict League, under Laws and Magiftrates of their own appointing, for the better carrying on of Commerce, and their mutual Safety and Afliftance. See Company.
This celebrated Affociation, which makes fo great a Figure in the Hiftory of Commerce, is commonly fuppofed to have commenced at Bremen en the Wefer, in the Year 1164; others fay in i2<?o, immediately after the Incurfions and Pyracies of the Danes, Normans, &c. others in 1201?; and others in 920: But be its Origin
when it will, it was confirm'd and re-eftablifh'd in 1270. Gr ^. r y ount ' T See Grave c ~ ' HAP, in .Law, from tni
oee Commerce.
At firft it only confifted of Towns fituate on the Coafts of the Baltic Sea, or not far from it. — But its Strength and Reputation increafing, fcarce any Trading City in Europe but defired to be admitted into it.
Under our King Henry III. the Hanfe confifted of no lefs than 62. Cities; to which were afterwards added 4 more.
France furnifhed to the Confederacy, Rouen, St. Malo, Bourdeaux, Bayonne, and Marfeilles : Spain, Barcelona, Sevil, and Cadix : England, London : Portugal, Lif- hon: — The Low-Countries, Antwerp, Don, Amfter- dam, Bruges, Rotterdam, Oftend, and Dunkirk: Italy and Sicily, Mefjina, Leghorn, and Naples.
they owe the Prefervation of their Liberties : The Succours fome of them have received from the Dutch, having fav'd them more than once from the Enterprizes of the Neighbouring Princes. See Commerce.
The Word Hanfe, is obfolete High-Dutch, or Teutonic, and fignifies Alliance, Confederacy, Affociation, &C.
Others derive it from the two German Words, Am-fee, that is, on the Sea ; by Reafon the firft Hanfe Towns were all fituate on the Sea-Coafl: Whence, the Society is faid to have been firft call'd, aen zee fleden, that is, Cities on the Sea ; and afterwards, by Abbreviation, Hanfee, and Hanfe.
HANSEATIC, fomething belonging to the Alliance, or Company of the Hanfe.
Thus we fay, The Hanfeatic Body : The Hanfeatic Towns, &c. See Hanse.
HANSGRAVE, the Title of an Officer in Germany. — ■ The Hanfgrave is the chief of a .Company, or Society.
The Word is a Compound of the German, Hanfe, and
French, Happer, to catch,, or fnatch ; fignifies the fame with us : ■ — Thus we fay, to Haf the Poffeffion of a deed Poll, Littleton, Fol. 8. to Hip the Rent.
If Partition be made between two Partners, and more Land be allowed the one than the other; and fhe that hath moft of the Land, charges her Land to the other, and happeth the Rent ; fhe fhall maintain Afflze without Speciality. Term. ley.
HAQUENY, Hackney, an old French Word for an ambling Horfe. See Ambling.
HAQUEBUT, a Kind of Gun, or Caliver, othcrwife And call ' d an Harqitebufs, or Arquebujfe. See Harqjje-
EUSS.
The Hanfe was divided into 4 Claffes, or Members, ■ which were' thofe of Lubec, Cologn, Brunfwick, and Sort of Hand-Gun ; thus call d from the 2 entente, Haeck
tTrnfJia, or Dantzic. — ■ Thofe four Cities were the Heads of the four Members ; and Lubec that of the whole
It is alfo call'd a Hagbut. — The Haquebut is a bigger « of Buyfe.
HARANGUE, a Modern French Name for a Speech, or Oration ; i.e. a Difcourfe made by an Orator in public.
Befide this, the Hanfe had four principal Factories, or See Oration ,,„/,„„„„
Staples, at London, Bruges, No-vo£rod, and Berg ; that Menage derives the Word from the German **"»& of Bruges wzs afterwards removed *o Antwerp. But the or the Lngl.fi _ hearing. Others derive it from the Latin firft Ji principal was that of Lubec which /ftill remains £?,_ Altar, ?J *&*>„*$ J%«£2 were made the Head of the Affociation. That of London was call d Guildhalla Teutonicorum, or the Stillyard. See Still- yard.
The Government of the Hanfe was at firft Ariftocra- tical: Then it came under the fole Direction of the. Grand Mafter of the Teut onic Order; and, Yers Princes and Lords made Intereft for it.
before Altars : Whence the Verfe of yuvenal,
Aut Ltigdunenfem Rhetor ditlurus ad Aram.
The Word is alfo frequently ufed in an ill Senfe, viz. lenath di- "Jor a too pompous, prolix, or unfeafonable Speech, or ' Declamation. — In Homer, the Poet's generally Harangue
