HAW
black long Beak long Neck, big Brcaft, hard Flefh, ,long
large Pounces and Talons ; and to grow round from th? Stcr,^ or Train, to the Breaft forward. _ The Feathers of the Thighs towards the Train, Ihould be large, and the
T™ m ', ™ n i" n , and foft ' toqwhat rending to an Iron Ma, The Baril Feathers ought to be like thofe of
}l cl H fr d , th -S C °, Vert Fcathcrs "f the Train, fpotted and full of black Rundlcs, but the Extremity of'evcry Train Feather black flreaked. '
To diflingui/h the Strength of the Bird, tie divers of them in feveral Places of one Chamber, or Mew; and that Hawk that flices and mutes higheft and farthefl off, may be concluded to be flrongeft.
The Gos-Hawk flies at the Pheafant, Mallard, wild Cjooie, Hare, and Coney ; nay fhe will venture to fcizc a Kid, or Goat. — She is to be kept with Care, as being very choice and dainty in Eating, &c.
9°. Sparrow-Hawk, is alfo a Kind of fliort-wingedifea.i • whereof there are feveral Sorts, different in Plumes : Some fmall plumed and black ; others of a larger Feather • fome plumed like the Quail b fome brown or Canvas- Mail, cj?c.
The Sparrow-Hawk, fo far as her Strength will give her Leave, is a good Hawk ; and he rhat knows how to man, reclaim, and fly with a Sparrow-Hawk, may eafily attain to the keeping and managing of all others — In this Refpccl lite really excels, that lire ferves both for Winter and Summer, with great Plcafurc, and will fly at all Kind of Game, more than the Falcon.
HAWKERS, antiently, were fraudulent Perfons ; who went from Place to Place, buying and felling Brafs, Pewter, and other Merchandize, which ought to be uttered in open Market.
in this Scnfe, the Word is mention'd, Anno 25 Hen. VIII. Cap. 6. and 33 ejufdem, Cap. 4.
We now call thofe Hawkers, who go up and down London Streets, crying News Books, and felling them by Retail. ■ — ■ The Women who furnifh the Hawkers, i. e. fell the Papers by Wholefale from thc Prefs, are call'd Mercuries.
The Appellation of Hawkers feems to grow from their uncertain Wandring, like thofe who, with Hawks, feek their Game where they can find it.
HAWKING, the Art, or Excrcife of Chafing and taking Wild-Fowl, by Means of Hawks, or Birds of Prey. See Hawk.
Hawking is the fame Thing with what we otherwife call Falconry. See Falconry.
The Word Hawking, in its Latitude, does alfo include the taming and difciplining of Hawks, and fitting them for thc Sport.
Hawking, tho' an Exercife now much difufed among us, in Comparifon of what it antiently was, does yet fur- nifh a great Variety of fignificant Terms, which flill obtain in our Language.
Thus, the Parts of a Hawk have their proper Names.
— Thc Legs, from the- Thigh to the Foot, arc call'd tl-. e Anns : The Toes, thc 'Petty-Jingles : The Claws, the 'pounces. — The Wings are call'd thc Sails ; the hm« Feathers thereof the Seams ; the two longett, tho prin- cipal Feathers ; thofe next thereto, the Flags.. — The
Tail the Train. — ■ The Brcaft Feathers, the I/Iailes :
Thofe behind the Thigh, the 'Pendant Feathers : When the Feathers are not yet full grown, fhe is f a jd to be uiif fnmm'd; when they are compleat, fhe is f'j.mm'd : — The
Craw, or Crop, is call'd the Gorge : — The Pipe next the Fundament, where the Fceccs are drawn, down, is call'd the •pannel : — ■ The flimy Subftance, lying in the PanncI, is call'd the Glut : — ■ The upper and. crooked Part of the Bill, is call'd the "Beak ; the nether Part the Clap : The yellow Part between thc Beak and the Eyes, thc Sear or Sere ; the two fmall Holes therein, the Nares.
As to her Furniture : — The Leathers, with Bells but- ton'd on her Legs, arc call'd Sijwits. — The Leathern Thong, whereby the Falconer holds tlie Hawk, is call'd the Zeafe, or Leap; the little Straps, by which rhe Leafe is faften'd to the Legs, Jeffe s ; and a Line or Pack-thread faften'd to the Leafe, in difciplining her, a Creance. — A Cover for her Head, to keep her in the Dark, is call'd a Hood ; a large wide Hood, open behind, to be wore at firft, is call'd "a ri/fter Hood : To draw the Strings, that the Hood may be in Rcadinefs to be pull'd off, is call'd nnflriking the Hood. — Thc blinding a Hawk juft taken, by tunning a Thread thro' her Eye-lids, and thus drawing them over the Eyes, to prepare her for being hudded, is call'd Seeling.
— A Figure, or Refemblancc of a Fowl, made of Leather and Fcathets, is call'd a Lure. ■ — ■ Her retting Place, when off thc Falconet's Fill, is call'd the 'Pearch. — The Place where her Meat is laid, is call'd the Hack. — And that wherein the is fet, while her Feathers fall and come again, the Mew.
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Something given a Hawk, to cleanfe and purge her Gorge, is call'd Cafllng : — Small Feathers given to make her Call, are call'd 'Plumage .- _ Gravel given her to help bring down her Stomach, is call'd Raitgle ■ — Her throwing up Filth fern the Gorge after Catling is call'd Gleaming. — The Purging ot her Grcafe, &c. Enfeaming. ■ — ■ A being fluffed is call'd Gurgiting. — . The interring 3 Feather in her Wing, in lieu of a broken one, is caU'd Imping. — The giving her a Leg, Wing, or Pinion of a Fowl to pull at, is call'd Tiring: — The Neck of a Bird thc Hawk preys on, is call'd the Inke : — What the Hawk leaves of her Prey, is call'd the Till, or 'Pelf.
There are alfo proper Terms for her feveral Actions :
— When the flutters with her Wings, as if flriving to get away, either from Perch or Fill, flic is faid to Sate. —• When ftanding too near, they fight with each other, it is call'd Crabbing : — When the young ones quiver, and fhake their Wings in Obedience to the elder, it is call'd Cowring : _ When (he wipes her Beak after feeding, fhe is faid to Peak : — When fhe fleeps, fire is faid to Jouk: —•From rhe Time of exchanging her Coat, till flic turn white again, is call'd her Intermewing : — Treading is call'd Cawkivg. — When fhe flretches one of her Wings after her Legs, and then the other, it is cM'd Mantling :
— Her Dung is call'd Muting ; when fhe mutes a. good Way from her, fire is faid to Jlice ; when fire does it dircflly down, inftead of yerking backwards, fhe is faid to Jlime ; and if it be in Drops, it is call'd 'Dropping,
— When fhe as it were fneezes, it is call'd Suiting. — . When flie raifes and fhakes her fclf, fhe is faid to Rouse $ when after Mantling, fhe croffes her Wings together over her Back, fhe is faid to Warble.
When a Hawk feizes, fhe is faid to Sind. —Whim after feizing flic pulls off the Feathers, fhe is faid to 'Plume.
— When lire raifes a Fowl aloft, and at length defcends with it to the Ground, it is call'd Truffmg. — When be- ing aloft, flic defcends to ftrike her Prey, it is call'd Stooping. — When fhe flies out too far from thc Game, five is faid to Rake. — When forfaking her propel Game, flic flics at Pyes, Crows, SSc. that chance to crofs her, it is call'd Check. — When miffing the Fowl, file betakes her felf to thc next Check, fhe is faid to fly on Head. — The Fowl or Game fhe flics at is calV'd the Quarry. — ■ The dead Body of a Fowl, kill'd by the Hawk^i call'd a 'Pelt.
— When (he flics away with '.Vie Quarry, fhe is faid to carry.
— When in ftooping, file iurns two or three Times on the Wing, to recover her fl-lf ere fhe feizes, it is call'd Can- celleering. — When fhe hits the Prey, yet does not truts it, it is call'd Ruff.
The mating a Hawk tame and gentle, is call'd Re- clainzing. — 'The bringing her to endure Company, Manning her. — Ar, old flaunch Hawk ufed to fly and let Example to a young one, is call'd a Make-Hawk.
The Reclaiming, Manning, and bringing up a Hawk to the Sport, is not cafy to be brought to any precifc Set of Rules. — It -confills in a Number of little Practices, and Obfcrvances, calculated to familiarize the Falconer ro his Bird, ro procure rhe Love thereof, §?c, — ■ The principal Hold and Foundation which the Falconer has to work upon, is thc Bird's Stomach. — Thc great Principle of Appetite' he is to make ufe of an hundred Ways, ro lead the Bird obliquely ro what he would have from him : All he can do is, to divert Nature, and make her fubfervient to his Purpofes, to make it the Intereft of the Bird, either real or apparent, to do what thc Falconer requires of her.
The Courfe, 'tis evident, will be different, according to the State and Condition of thc Bird to be managccT — • An Eyefs, e. gr. needs no reclaiming ; flie is to be care- fully nurfed, and brought up in their natural Tamenefs.
A Srancher, Soar-Hawk, or Ramage-Hawk, needs no Nurfing ; fhe is to be brought down from her Wildncfs, and habituated to another Courfe of Life ; and in Pur- fuance of her own Views, and Intercfts, to be made fubjeil to thofe of her Mafter.
To Reclaim, e. gr. a Hagard Falcon ; they begin with fliutting her up from the Light, by pulling a Hood over her Eyes ; and fixing her by a Creance, which makes her more acceffibk. — The next Thing is to handle her fre- quently, taking her up, often ftroaking her, fetting her on the Hand, and carrying her about ; unhudding, 'and pre- fcntly hudding her again ; and this for eight or nine Days, without ever iuft'ering her to ilccp. — AH the while flic is to be kept fliarp fer, bur to be frequently fed, with a little at a Time 5 unhudding her for the Purpofe, and when unhudded, thc Voice to be continually ufed to her, that flie may learn it ; and that the heating of the Voice may naturally put her in Hopes of being fed. — • This done fhe is to be invited to come from the Pearch to the Fift, -by unlinking her Hood, fhewing her fome Meat, ufing the Voice, and calling her till file come to it, and iced thereon. — If flic ftill rcfufe, keep her lharp fet t till
