CARAVAGGIO Epochs, etc., 332 ; Burckhardt, 767; Dohme, CARAVAGGIO, POLIDORO DA, born at Caravaggio about 1490 (?), died in Messina in 1543. Umbrian school. Real name Polidoro , Caldara ; while em-
ployed as a mason
r i in the Vatican when - J jA ^ Raphael and his pu- / pils were painting, he acquired a taste for art, and induced Matmino, a Florentine artist, to instruct him. He soon exhibited such aptitude that Maturiuo took him into partnership, and they executed conjointly many works in black and white, now known only by engravings. When Rome was sacked (1527), Caravaggio went to Naples,and after- ward to Messina, where he acquired fame and wealth. When about to return to Rome, he was murdered for his money. In his earlier works Polidoro shows his training in the school of Raphael : e. fj. Frieze of the History of Niobe on facade of a house in the Via della Maschera d'Oro, No. 7, at Rome. Later he became an out and out naturalist, as in the Christ bearing the Cross, Naples Museum. Among his works are : Psyche, received into Olympus, Louvre ; Passage of the Red Sea, Brera, Milan ; St. Luke, Berlin Museum ; Pieta, Turin Gallery; Meleager, Capitol Museum, Rome ; Cephalus and Procris, Vienna Museum. Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 141 ; Tassi, Pittura Ber- gamaschi (Bergamo, 1708), 76 ; Burckhardt, 186 ; Wornum, Epochs, etc., 235 ; Ch. Blanc, ficole ombrienne ; Dohme, 2iii. ; Lilbke, Gesch. ital. Mai., ii. 375. CARBAJAL, LUIS DE, born in Toledo in 1534, died after 1613. Spanish school ; pupil of Juan de Villoldo, removed early to Madrid, and became, in 1556, painter to Philip H. Painted in 1570-82 seven altar- pieces for the Escorial, and a Magdalen (1570), now in the Madrid Museum. In 1591 he painted, with Bias del Prado, some pictures for the Church of the Minorites, Toledo ; Portrait of the Archbishop D. Bar- tolome Carrauza in the capitular hall of the Cathedral at Toledo ; Circumcision, Hermit- age, St. Petersburg. Stirling, i. 261 ; Ma- drazo, 365. CARBONE, GIOVANNI BERNARDO, born in Albaro, near Genoa, in 1614, died in 1683. Genoese school ; pupil of Gio. Andrea de' Ferrari ; studied composition in Venice. Painted historical subjects, but chiefly noted for his portraits, in which he imitated Van Dyck. Works : St. Louis adoring the Cross, FAnnunziata, Genoa ; Madonna and Saints, Palazzo Pallavicini, Genoa. Lanzi, iii. 267; Ch. Blanc, cole genoise; Burckhardt, 779. CARCASSONNE, DELIVERANCE AT, Jean Paul Laurem, Luxembourg Museum ; canvas, H. 14 ft. 2 in. x 11 ft. In August, 1303, the inhabitants of Carcassone and of Albi, under the lead of the reformer of Lan- guedoc, Jean de Picquigny, released many prisoners from the dungeons of the Inquisi- tion. Men are engaged in removing the stones from the entrance, over which is seen the Papal arms, while the reformer is preach- ing to people at left. Salon, 1879. CARDENAS, BARTOLOME DE, born in Portugal in 1547, died in Madrid in 1G06. Spanish school ; pupil in Madrid of Alonso Sanchez Coello ; painted frescos in the clois- ters of Convent of Atocha, Madrid ; in 1601 went to Valladolid, at invitation of Duke of Lerma, for whom he painted altarpieces in the church and several religious works in the cloisters and chapels of the convent of S. Pablo. Some of his pictures are in the Museum at Valladolid. His son Juan (flour- ished 1620), was a painter of fruits and flow- ers. Stirling, i. 432. CARDI, LUDOVICO. See Cigoli. CARDUCCI (Carducho), BARTOLOM- MEO.born in Florence in 1560, died in Madrid Jin 1608. Florentine school; pupil of Federigo Zucchero, with whom he went, in 1585, to Spain, and was engaged as painter, sculptor, 842
