Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/307

his drawing correct and his colouring more harmonious. Works: Sow defending her Young, Rotterdam Museum; Christ as Gardener (1662), Oldenburg Gallery; Nocturnal Carnival Scene in Rome (1660), Dogs starting Swan (1670), do. chasing Water-Fowl (2), Bear-hunts (2), Schwerin Gallery; Boar-hunt (1661), Dresden Museum; Wounded Heron pursued by Dogs, Avignon Museum; Starting for the Chase, Uffizi, Florence; Wild Boar attacked by Dogs, Bear do., Rotterdam Museum; Swan attacked by Dogs, Glasgow Gallery; Party of Ladies and Officers (1668), Guard-House, Bear-Hunt, Stag-Hunt, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; Boar-Hunt, New York Museum.—Allgem. d. Biogr., xiii. 69; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 455; Burger, ii. 313; Immerzeel, ii. 48.

HÖNINGHAUS, ADOLF, born at Crefeld, Rhenish Prussia, in 1811. Landscape painter, pupil of Düsseldorf Academy under Schirmer; went in 1843 to Italy, where he studied from nature four years; removed to Dresden in 1853. Works: View of Terracina (1851), Düsseldorf Gallery; St. Peter's and the Vatican (1852), Cologne Museum.—Müller, 265.

HONORIUS, Jean Paul Laurens, D. O. Mills, New York; canvas, H. 6 ft. × 4 ft. The Emperor Honorius, son of Theodosius the Great, who became Emperor of the West on the death of his father, A.D. 395. Represented crowned, in a purple robe, seated upon a throne, with the sword of state in his right hand, and his left hand resting on the globe crested with Victory. Salon, 1880.—Art Treas. of Amer., ii. 110.

HONTHORST, GERARD VAN, born at Utrecht, Nov. 4, 1590, died there, April 27, 1656. Dutch school; history, genre, and portrait painter, pupil of Abraham Bloemart, but spent several years in Rome, where he studied the pictures of Caravaggio, and found a patron in the Marchese Giustiniani. As he painted many night scenes lighted by torches or candles, he was surnamed Gherardo dalle Notti. After his return he worked (1619-20) at the court of King Frederic in Prague, later for Charles I. in England, where in 1628 he executed portraits and historical paintings for the Banqueting Hall, Whitehall. He was free of the Utrecht guild in 1623, and at The Hague in 1637. In 1645-50 he worked chiefly for the princes of Orange, but also painted a series of pictures from Danish history for the King of Denmark, and in his later years a number of portraits for Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg. His early pictures are preferable to those painted after his journey to Italy (1612-15), where he imitated Caravaggio and Correggio in his night pieces, Rubens in his historical paintings, and Mierevelt in his portraits. He worked very rapidly. His numerous works are markedly realistic, show skilful arrangement, good drawing, and powerful chiaroscuro, but they are deficient in elevation. Works: Lute-Player (1614), Concert (1624), Pilate washing his Hands, Young Shepherd, Triumph of Silenus, Man tuning Mandoline, two portraits, Louvre; St. Mary Magdalen, Bordeaux Museum; Soldier sleeping on a Drum, Aremberg Gallery, Brussels; Portrait of Stadhouder Willem II., Portraits of two young Princesses (1653), do. of Frederic William I. Elector of Brandenburg and Louise Henriette of Nassau, do. of Prince Frederik Hendrik and Wife, Nude Child plucking Pears, Hague Museum; Merry Musician, Portrait of Princess Amalia van Solms (1650), do. of Prince Frederik Hendrik, do. of Prince Willem II (2), Museum, Amsterdam; Maria de' Medici (1638), New Town Hall, ib.; Tête-à-tête, Soldier—Male Portrait (1647), Rotterdam Museum; Singer,