MASWIENS, JOSEPH, born at Louvain, Sept. 19, 1828. Architecture painter, pupil of Louvain Academy and of Genisson, then in Madrid of Villa-Amil; travelled in Spain (1853-54) and France (1855); paints chiefly interiors of churches and other buildings, of great perspective accuracy and excellent light-effects. Works: Cathedral of Toledo; Great Chapel in do.; Chapel San Isidoro, Madrid; Interior of St. Gomar's at Liern, near Antwerp; Former House of Brewers' Guild at Louvain, Louvain Museum.
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MATEJKO, JAN (B. ALOYSIUS), born
at Cracow, July 30,
1838. History
painter, pupil of
Cracow Art School,
then of Munich
(1858-60) and of
Vienna Academy.
Came at once into
prominence with
dramatic scenes
from history of
his native country.
Director of Cracow Art School since
1873; member of Berlin and Paris Academies.
Medals: Paris, 1865; 1st class, 1867;
of honour, 1878; L. of Honour, 1870; Order
of Francis Joseph. Works: Simon Starowolski
and Charles Gustavus of Sweden at
Monument of King Lokietek (1857), Cracow
Art Union; King Sigismund I. conferring
Privilege of Nobility on Professors of
Cracow University (1858), Jagellonic Library,
Cracow; Poisoning of Queen Bona
(1859); Murder of Wapowski (1860); King
John Casimir in Bielany (1861); John Kochanowski
beside the Body of his Daughter
Ursula (1862); Court Jester Stanczyk (1863);
Jesuit Skarga preaching before Diet of Cracow
in 1592 (1862-64); Veit Stoss (1863-65);
Diet of Warsaw in 1773 (1864), Vienna Museum;
Alchymist Sendziwoi before Sigismund
III.; Vladislav the Wise called to
Throne of Poland; Union of Lublin in 1569
(1870); Stephen Báthory in the Camp of
Wielki Luki (1872); Johann Wilczek during
Defence of Benedictine Monastery; King
Sobieski's Prayer before Battle; Matthias
Borkowicz thrown into a Dungeon; Consecration
of King Sigismund's Bell (1875);
Murder of King Przemysl; Ivan the Cruel
in the Place of Execution at Moscow; Battle
of Tannenberg in 1410, Defeat at Varna
(1879); Prussia doing Homage to Poland
(1882); Sobieski before Vienna (1883); Cossack
Wernyhora's Prophecy of Poland's Future
(1884); Surrender of Archduke Maximilian
to Chancellor Jan Samojski (1884);
The Republic of Babin (1885); Entry of
Maid of Orléans into Reims (1886), Reims
Museum.—Illustr. Zeitg. (1870), ii. 11;
(1885), i. 256; Du Camp, Beaux Arts, 158,
306; Graph. K., ii. 42; Kunst-Chronik, ii
121; v. 22, 150; vii. 356; xiv. 340; xvii.
498; xviii. 109, 759; xix. 711; Müller, 357;
Gaz. des B. Arts (1863), xviii. 506; xxiii.
141; La Ilustracion (1884), i. 3, 20; Rev.
des Deux Mondes, June, 1874; Land und
Meer (1872), ii. No. 50; Wurzbach, xvi. 99;
Zeitschr. f. b. K., xx. 118.
MATER DOLOROSA, Guercino, Palazzo
Borghese, Rome. Draped to the chin and
the head covered with a mantle. Face expressive
of calm but deep grief.—Lavice, 350.
By Murillo, Madrid Museum; canvas, H. 1 ft. 9 in. × 1 ft. 4 in. Bust, without hands; head turned to right, inclined forward; red dress, with white scarf over head and around neck; over scarf, a black mantle. Companion to Ecce Homo, Madrid Museum. From Isabel Farnese Collection. Repetition: Duke de Villahermosa, Madrid.—Curtis, 146.
By Titian, Madrid Museum; slate, H. 2 ft. 3 in. × 1 ft. 9 in. Bust, of life-size; the Virgin, in a violet tunic and blue mantle, the latter partly covering the head, on which is a white cap, and with upraised hands, laments the sufferings of the Son. Companion piece to Ecce Homo of Titian, also in Madrid Museum. Painted in 1554 for Mary of Hungary, by whom carried to Spain.—C. & C., Titian, ii. 233.
MATHEY, PAUL, born in Paris; contemporary.
History, portrait, and landscape
