- land.—Ch. Blanc, École hollandaise;
Kramm, i. 148; Van der Willigen, 89.
BRAMANTINO (Bramantino da Milano),
born in Milan(?), died there about 1535.
Lombard school; real name Bartolommeo
Suardi; probably taught in local schools of
Milan, afterward journeyman to Bramante.
Among the earliest pictures assigned to
him are Crucifixion, Municipio, Milan; Circumcision
(dated 1491), Louvre; and Dead
Christ, S. Sepolcro, Milan. He followed
Bramante to Rome in the beginning of the
16th century, and was employed by Julius
II. in the Camera dell' Eliodoro, but returned
to Milan after the expulsion of the
French from Lombardy, and painted there
probably until near 1536, in which year his
heirs are mentioned. All his later works
show the influence of Leonardo da Vinci.
Among his best are: Madonna and Angels,
Brera, Milan; Head of St. John the Baptist,
St. Jerome, Madonna and Saints, Ambrosiana,
Milan; Flight into Egypt, Church
of the Madonna del Sasso, Locarno; Pietà
over portal of S. Sepolcro; St. Sebastian,
S. Sebastiano, Milan.—C. & C., N. Italy, ii.
14; Vasari, ed. Le Mon., iv. 17, viii. 14; Ch.
Blanc, École milanaise; Burckhardt, 609;
Lübke, Gesch. ital. Mai., i. 494.
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BRAMER, LEONARD, born at Delft in
1596, died after
1667. Dutch
school; history
and allegory
painter. Went
to France and
Italy in 1614,
returned to Delft
in 1625, and entered
the guild
of St. Luke in
1629. Fond of
candlelight effects,
in the manner of Honthorst, and of
Oriental or Jewish costumes, like Lastman
and Rembrandt, of whom he became an
imitator in his later years. Works: Descent
from the Cross, Rotterdam Museum; Christ
among the Doctors, Simon in the Temple,
Brunswick Gallery; Christ and the Scoffers,
Solomon in the Temple, Queen of Sheba
before Solomon, Dresden Gallery; Two
Allegories, Vienna Museum; Resurrection
of Lazarus, Turin Gallery; Hecuba's Grief,
Abraham
visited by
Angels,
Madrid Museum.—Ch.
Blanc. École hollandaise; Bode,
Studien, 351; Riegel, Beiträge, ii. 217.
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BRAMTOT, ALFRED HENRI, born in Paris; contemporary. History painter, pupil of Bouguereau. Won the grand prix de Rome in 1879. Medals: 3d class, 1879; 2d class, 1885. Works: Bashful Love (1879); Punishment of Ixion (1882); Compassion (1883); Departure of Tobias (1885).
BRAND, JOHANN CHRISTIAN, born
in Vienna, Nov. 15, 1723, died there,
June 12, 1795. German school; landscape
painter; son and pupil of Christian Hilfgott
(born in Frankfort on the Oder, in 1695,
died in Vienna, about 1750). He was court
painter and, from 1771, professor at the
Vienna Academy, and was considered one
of the best artists in his line. Works:
Landscape with Ruin (1741), do. with Peasants
and Herd (1746), Battle of Hochkirch
(1766), four landscapes (1768, 1771), Vienna
Museum; ten in Prague Gallery;
others in galleries of Germany, France,
England, and Russia. By his father are
three Wood Landscapes in the Vienna Museum,
ten others in the Prague Gallery.—Allgem.
d. Biog. iii. 236; Wurzbach, ii. 110.
BRANDEL, PETER JOHANN, born in
Prague in 1660, died at Kuttenberg, Bohemia,
in 1739. German school; history
painter, pupil of the court painter Schröter,
whom he soon surpassed; studied then
after great masters in the galleries of
Prague. Works: Baptism of Christ, Prague
