CHAP. V.
_____and abused this immense power was Plautianus, the favourite minister of Severus. His reign lasted above ten years, till the marriage of his daughter with the eldest son of the emperor, which seemed to assure his fortune, proved the occasion of his ruin[1]. The animosities of the palace, by irritating the ambition and alarming the fears of Plautianus, threatened to produce a revolution, and obhged the emperor, who still loved him, to consent with reluctance to his death[2]. After the fall of Plautianus, an eminent lawyer, the celebrated Papinian, was appointed to execute the motley office of pretorian prefect.
The senate oppressed by military despotism.Till the reign of Severus, the virtue, and even the good sense of the emperors, had been distinguished by their zeal or affected reverence for the senate, and by a tender regard to the nice frame of civil policy instituted by Augustus. But the youth of Severus had been trained in the implicit obedience of camps, and his riper years spent in the despotism of military command. His haughty and inflexible spirit could not discover, or would not acknowledge, the advantage of preserving an intermediate power, however imaginary, between the emperor and the army. He disdained to profess himself the servant of an assembly that detested his person and trembled at his frown ; he issued his commands, where his request would have proved as effectual ; assumed the conduct and style of a sovereign and a conqueror, and exercised, without disguise, the whole legislative as well as the executive power.
New maxims of the imperial prerogative.The victory over the senate was easy and inglorious. Every eye and every passion were directed to the su-- ↑ One of his most daring and wanton acts of power was the castration of an hundred free Romans, some of them married men, and even fathers of families; merely that his daughter, on her marriage with the young emperor, might be attended by a train of eunuchs worthy of an eastern queen Dion, 1. Ixxvi.p. 1271.
- ↑ Dion, 1. Ixxvi. p. 1274 ; Herodian, 1. iii. p. 122. 129. The grammarian of Alexandria seems, as it is not unusual, much better acquainted with this myrsterious transaction, and more assured of the guilt of Plautianus, than the Konian senator ventures to be.
