Page:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1827) Vol 1.djvu/239

This page needs to be proofread.
OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.
215

CHAP. VII.
_____
Their characters.
The virtues and the reputation of the new emperors justified the most sanguine hopes of the Romans. The various nature of their talents seemed to appropriate to each his pecuHar department of peace and war, without leaving room for jealous emulation. Balbinus was an admired orator, a poet of distinguished fame, and a wise magistrate, who had exercised with innocence and applause the civil jurisdiction in almost all the interior provinces of the empire. His birth was noble[1], his fortune affluent, his manners liberal and affable. In him the love of pleasure was corrected by a sense of dignity, nor had the habits of ease deprived him of a capacity for business. The mind of Maximus was formed in a rougher mould. By his valour and abilities he had raised himself from the meanest origin to the first employments of the state and army. His victories over the Sarmatians and the Germans, the austerity of his life, and the rigid impartiality of his justice whilst he was prefect of the city, commanded the esteem of a people whose affections were engaged in favour of the more amiable Balbinus. The two colleagues had both been consuls, (Balbinus had twice enjoyed that honourable office,) both had been named among the twenty lieutenants of the senate ; and since the one was sixty and the other seventy-four years old[2], they had both attained the full maturity of age and experience.

Tumult at Rome.After the senate had conferred on Maximus and Balbinus an equal portion of the consular and tribunitian powers, the title of fathers of their country, and the joint office of supreme pontiff, they ascended to
  1. He was descended from Cornelius Balbus, a noble Spaniard, and the adopted son of Theophanes the Greek historian. Balbus obtained the freedom of Rome by the favour of Pompey, and preserved it by the eloquence of Cicero : see Orat. pro Cornel. Baibo. The friendship of Caesar (to whom he rendered the most important secret services in the civil war) raised him to the consulship and the pontificate, honours never yet possessed by a stranger. The nephew of this Balbus triumphed over the Garamantes. See Dictionnaire de Bayle, au mot Balbus, where he distinguishes the several persons of that name, and rectifies, with his usual accuracy, the mistakes of former writers concerning them.
  2. Zonaras, 1. xii. p. 622. But little dependence is Xo be had on the authority of a modern Greek, so grossly ignorant of the history of the third century, that he creates several imaginary pmperors, and confounds those who really existed.