CHAP. 1.
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Egypt.The geographers of antiquity have frequently hesitated to what portion of the globe they should ascribe Egypt[1]. By its situation, that celebrated kingdom is included within the immense peninsula of Africa ; but it is accessible only on the side of Asia, whose revolutions, in almost every period of history, Egypt has humbly obeyed. A Roman prefect was seated on the
splendid throne of the Ptolemies ; and the iron sceptre of the mamalukes is now in the hands of a Turkish pasha. The Nile flows down the country, above five hundred miles from the tropic of Cancer to the Mediterranean, and marks on either side the extent of fertility by the measure of its inundations. Cyrene, situate towards the west, and along the seacoast, was first a Greek colony, afterwards a province of Egypt, and is
now lost in the desert of Barca.
- ↑ Ptolemy and Strabo, with the modern geographers, fix the isthmus of Suez as the boundary of Asia and Africa. Dionysius, Mela, Pliny, Sallust, Hirtius, and Solinus, have preferred for that purpose the western branch of the Nile, or even the great Catabathmus, or descent ; which last would assign to Asia not only Egypt, but part of Libya.