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INDEX 473 Cossovo-pol in 1448, 174 n. ; his depreciation of Turkish valour, 176 ; on the very large number of manu- scripts at Constantinople (1453), 412 n. Plague, the, 125, 189 Plato : study of, in Constantinople, 196 Plethon, George Gemistos, 196 ; a favourer of Union, 204 ; his body brought for burial from Morea to Florence, 407 Podesta, the, of Galata, 271, 304 ; his account of surrender of Galata, 371 Poland : attacked by Tartars, 53 Pomaks (Bulgarians who have accep- ted Islam), 58 n. Porphyrogenitus, palace, 73, 243, 290 Prester (or Presbyter) John, 55 Prinkipo, island of, 77 ; treatment of its defenders by Baltoglu, 253 Printing with moveable types : Greek scholars scorned printed Greek books, 408 Purgatory and intermediate state of souls : the question treated at Council of Florence, 126 Pusculus : his account of the siege of Constantinople, in Latin verse, xii Eamazan, observance of, 315 Bangebe, Greek general : encounter with standard-bearer of Mahomet II., 289 Eed Horse-tail surmounted by Golden Crescent (Timour's standard), 143 Eelics in Constantinople: sold by Latins to raise money, 12, 14 Eeligion : the influence of, on Greeks and Moslems respectively, 447 sqq. Eenaissance, the : its rise and effects, 129 ; benefits it derived from dis- persal of Greek scholars from Con- stantinople, 403 ; learned Easterns taught Greek in Italy, 404 sq. ; enthusiasm in Italy for the study, 405 ; increase in reproduction of manuscripts, 408; scholars' objec- tion to printed Greek books, ib. ; j increased number of fugitive ; scholars after 1453, ib. ; the Ee- naissance movement carried to unjustifiable extremes, 409 ; zeal for Greek died out in Italy, but spread in Germany, 410 Eobert of Courtenay, Emperor (Latin, 1219-28 : successor of Peter), 9, 14 Eocafert, 47 sq. Eoger de Flor (otherwise Eobert Blum) : his varied life, 42 ; to avoid personal troubles in West, he took service under Andronicus II., ib. ; his 8,000 followers : known as the Catalan Grand Company, 42 sq. ; made Grand Duke by the emperor, 43 ; as terrible to Christians as to Moslems, ib. ; examples of their methods and outrages, 43 sq. ; he desired to carve out a kingdom for himself, 44 ; treatment of the emperor, 45 ; suspected ill intentions towards Greeks, ib. ; assassinated by a leader of the Alans, 46 ; Cata- lans' revenge and the retaliation, ib. ; further outrages by Catalans, 46 sq.; at open war with Greeks, ib. ; emperor's vain endeavours to buy them off, 47 ; dissensions in the Company, 48 ; its end, 49 Bomanus Gate : discussion of view that it was the chief place of final assault on the city, 429 sqq. ' Bourn,' Turkish form of ' Borne,' 53 n. Boumelia-Hissar, 164 n. ; object of the fortress, 213 sqq. ; description, 216 Eussia : Tartars long firmly esta- blished in, 53, 64 Sacred Mouth, The (entrance to Black Sea), 164 St. Demetrius, Tower of (' Megademe- trius '), 250 ; its position, 260 n. St. Louis of France, 11 sq., 16, 31 sq. St. Mark (Venice), treasures of: many came from Constantinople, 123 St. Sophia. See Hagia Sophia St. Theodore, Hill of, 273 St. Theodosia, church of : a congre- gation there, mostly women, the first victims after capture of city, 361 Salonica, kingdom of, 4 sq., 8 ; city captured by Murad II., 156 sq. Saracens, 23, 53 sqq., 69, 90 sqq. Saraja Pasha, 325 Savoy, Anne of, wife of Andronicus III., 70 ; her efforts towards union of the Churches, 89 Scanderbeg. See Iskender Schildberger, a Belgian present at battles of Nicopolis and Angora, 145 n. Scholarius, George, 126 sq. ; became a monk (Gennadius) at monastery of Pantocrator, 204 ; continued a strong opponent of Union, ib. ; after the capture he was made a slave, 382 ; brought back to Con- stantinople and made patriarchy I I