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habitual cynicism, which hardly belongs to him. He was prudent in his habits, benevolent to those who asked his help, and courteous to the young painter who sought his advice.
NO R T N, Christopher, enjraver. Studied at St. Martin's Lane Academy. In 1760 he was at Rome, and the same year gained a premium at the Society of Arts. He practised in the second half of the 18th century, and engraved after Vandevelde, ' The Tempest/ and also after Pillement, Canot, and others.
NUGENT, Thomas, engraver. Born in Drogheda. He studied his art in Dublin, and about the end of the 18th century practised in London, sometimes in imitation of chalk drawings, excelling in portrait.
NUNEHAJVL Simon Haroourt, Vis- count (afterwards second Earl Harcourt), amateur etcher. There are by him some landscape views, dated about 1760, among them several after Paul Sandby. He ex- hibited some etchings at the Spring Gar- dens' Rooms in 1763, and the same year published four views of the 'Ruins at
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Stanton Harcourt, 1 drawn and etched by himself. Walpole speaks of them in ex- travagant terms for which there is little warrant. He died April 20, 1809.
NUTTER, William, draftsman and engraver. Born in 1764. Was the pupil of I. Smith. He practised in the dot manner, and finished a number of plates after West- all, Morland, Bigg, Paye, and Wheatley, with portraits after Hoppner, S. Shelley, and Russell. He resided m Somers Town, and died March 14, 1802, aged 48, and was buried at St. John Baptist, Kentish Town.
NUTTING, Joseph, engraver. Prac- tised in London at the beginning of the 17th century, and probably commenced engraving about the time of the Restor- ation, fie was chiefly employed on book illustrations. Some of his best works are his small portraits, among them one, on a Dlate with five others, from the life of Dr. Monk, Bishop of Hereford, who died in 1661 ; but their chief value arises from their rarity. They are weak in line, and laboured in manner.
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OAKLEY, Ootavius, water-colour painter. Born in April, 1800. He began nis artist life as a portrait painter in water- colours, and resided at Leamington, where he had a considerable practice, and in Derby, and while living there in 1826 and 1827, sentportraits to the Academy exhi- bitions. He also made occasional studies of rustic subjects, and was reputed for his gipsy groups, in which he depicted the character of the race with great truth. In 1842 he came to reside in London, and was elected an associate, and in 1845 a member of the Water-Colour Society. Latterly he painted picturesque landscape scenery, in- troducing figures with much ability. He was an occasional contributor of a portrait to the Academy exhibitions up to 1860. He died at Bayswater, March 1, 1867. His works were fairly drawn and truthful, but feeble both in colour and light and shade.
O AKMAN, John, wood-engraver. Was born at Hendon, Middlesex, and towards the middle of the 18th century was ap- prenticed to a map engraver. He after- wards cut the illustrations on wood for many children's books with some ability. But he fell into intemperate habits, and then joining two of his boon companions, opened a shop in the Haymarket for the sale of humorous prints. This failing, he 314
turned song and ballad writer, and wrote some cheap novels, in one of which, ' The Life of Ben Brass/ he described some of the scenes of his early career. His last novel, 'William Williams, the African Prince/ had a good sale. He died in dis- tress, December 1793.
OCKS, , medallist. He was one of
the engravers of the Mint in the reign of George I. He died in 1749.
OCKS, Ralph, medallist. For many years he was one of the engravers of the Royal Mint. He died at Battersea in 1788, aged 84.
O'CONNOR, Jambs A., landscape painter. Was born in 1793, at Dublin, where his father practised as an engraver, and brought him up to the same profession, which he left early in life for the easel, and gained some proficiency as a landscape painter in oil. In 1813 he made his way with his friend Danby to try his fortune in London, but his means were soon ex- hausted ; he walked back disappointed to Bristol and got from thence to Dublin. After many years of hard labour and neglect, he left Ireland early in 1822, and came to re- side in London, and in that and the three following years was an exhibitor, chiefly of Irish views, at the Royal Academy. During this time his works foimd some purchasers in the sale rooms, and by the intervention
