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Roval Military College, then at Marlow, and afterwards at the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth, where he continued for 25 years, and on the dissolution of that institu- tion, was appointed to the East India College, at Addiscombe, from which he retired in 1855. In 1813-14 he spent his summer holidays in the Peninsular, with his brother Alexander, then with the British Army. He first appears as an exhibitor at the Koyal Academy in 1805, and occasion- ally, with some long intervals, was an ex- hibitor up to 1872. At the Westminster Hall competition in 1847 he exhibited * The Battle of la Hogue,' a painting of large size, in oil. He held the appointment of marine painter to George IV., William IV., and Queen Victoria. He published in 1867 his ' Veterans of the Sea,' followed by * A Cruise on the Scotch Waters.' His * Rescue of a Spanish Man-of-War' is in the United Service Club. He died January 28, 1874, in the Regent's Park, London, in his 96th year.
SCHIAVONETTI, Lewis, engraver. Was the son of a stationer in humble cir- cumstances at Bassano, where he was born, April 1, 1765. He had an early taste for drawing, and was placed under GiulioColini. He became acquainted with an indifferent engraver named Testolini, and made for him some imitations of Bartolozzi's works, which Testolini passing off as his own, made the means of an introduction to Bartolozzi, who was then in London and in great repute. This was followed by an invitation, wnicb, from interested motives, he managed to get extended to Schiavonetti, who came to this country in 1790. The true character of Testolini was soon discovered, but Bar- tolozzi induced Schiavonetti to join him, and took him into his house in Sloane Square, where he continued for a time. Schiavonetti improved under his friend's instructions, ana then was enabled to be independent in the practice of his art.
He executed several plates of subjects connected with the French Revolution, which, though got up in haste, showed much merit, ana were profitable to the publishers. Then employed on works of a higher class, he produced a * Mater Dolo- rosa,' after Vandyck ; a portrait of Vandyck in the character of Paris ; Michael Angelo's Cartoon of the * Surprise of the Soldiers on the Banks of the Arno ; ' etchings from Blake's illustrations of Blair's * Grave ; ' De Loutherbourg's 'Landing of the British Troops in Egypt : ' and he left unfinished the plate of Stotnard's 'Canterbury Pil- grims,' of which he had only completed the etching and some of the principal figures. He was largely engaged in works for book illustration. He died at Brompton, June 7, 1810, and was buried in Paddington church- yard. He was eminent for his power both
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in the line and the dot manner. The force, clearness, and freedom of his line are admirable. His dot manner was equally clever, and he was reputed in both as well for correct expression and drawing as for his careful finish and correct imitation of
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SCHIAVONETTI, Niocolo, enjraver. Was born at Bassano, the younger brother of the foregoing, with whom he came to England in 1790. He chiefly worked in conjunction with his brother, and after his death was employed some time upon his incomplete plate of the ' Canterbury Pil- grims, whicn was eventually finished by Heath. He engraved in his brother's man- ner, but did not approach him in excellence. Died at Hammersmith, April 23, 1813, aged 42.
SCHMUTZ, Johann Rudolph, portrait painter. Was born at Regensberg, Swit- zerland, and was a pupil of Mathias Fuessly. He first attempted lnstorical subjects, but not succeeding, tried portraiture. When Kneller was at the height of his reputation he came to England, and imitating his manner, had many sitters. Both J. Smith and Vertue engraved after him. He died in. London in 1715.
< SCHNEBBELIE, Jacob C, topographi- cal draftsman. Was born August 30, 1760, in Duke's Court, St. MartinVin-the- Fields. His father, a native of Zurich and a lieutenant in the Dutch Navy, quitted that service and settled at Rochester as a confectioner. He followed his father's busi- ness, first at Canterbury, then at Hammer- smith, but having acquired some knowledge of drawing under Paul Sandby, he left his shop and commenced teaching drawing. He was afterwards appointed draftsman to the Society of Antiquaries, and made drawings for Morris's * Monastic .Remains,' 'The Gentleman's Magazine,' and the early num- bers of * The Antiquaries' Museum.' He was chiefly employed on antiquarian and topographical subjects which he drew and etched or aqua-tinted. From 1786 he exhibited at the Royal Academy views of buildings possessing an antiquarian charac- ter. He published four views of St. Alban's Abbey, etched by himself. He died in London, of rheumatic fever, February 21, 1792, in his 32nd year. He left a young widow, for whom a subscription was raised. SCHNEBBELIE, Robert Bremmel, topographical drcrftsmah. Was the son of the foregoing. He was a good draftsman. Commencing in 1803, he occasionally ex- hibited at the Academy a drawing of some old building ; but he did not long continue an exhibitor. He was engaged in drawing for the ' Gentleman' 8 Magazine ' and other periodicals, and made also the drawings for 4 London Illustrata.' He was rather weak in his intellect, capricious in his work, and,
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