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besides legacies to the officers of the Col- lege. He died in Portland Street, in con- sequence of a fall from his horse, January 8, 1811, and was buried in the chapel of Dulwich College. His works, with a strong feeling for art, are crude and sketchy, his drawing of figures and animals weak, and his attitudes extravagant and mannered ; but he had an influence on the art of his day. which his works would not now earn for him.
BO URNE, Jambs, water-colour painter. Practised in London at the beginning of the 19th century, and was an occasional exhibitor of landscape views at the Aca- demy up to 1809. He was afterwards much employed by Sir Thomas Gage, and made numerous drawings for him in a pleasing, easy style. Some of the draw- ings for * Views in Lincolnshire/ published 1801. are by him.
BO WE N, Emanuel, engraver. There is no other information of him than that he was appointed engraver to Qeorge II. and to Louis XV. His son, Thomas Bowen, a map engraver, died in Clerkenwell Work- house 1790.
BOWER, Edward, portrait painter. Practised in the reign of Charles I. He painted 'The King seated at his Trial/ now possessed by Mr. Pole Carew ; an equestrian portrait of Lord Fairfax, 1647, which was engraved by Marshall; and a small oval portrait of Lord Finch, 1640, also engraved; and some other portraits by Hollar.
BOWER, George, medallist. Produced several large medals of Charles II., with the head of his Queen on the reverse ; also a medal of the Duke of York's shipwreck, of James II., his Queen, the Dukes of Albemarle, Ormond, and Lauderdale, and the Earl of Shaftesbury. He was employed in the Mint as an assistant to Henry Harris during the reign of James II.
BOWLER, Thomas William, land- scape painter. He showed an early at- tachment to art, but was led to accept the appointment of assistant-astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope. At the end of four years, the love of art prevailing, he resigned his office, and commenced at Cape Town his career as a painter and teacher of drawing. He published views of Cape Town and the neighbourhood, and 20 scenes illustrating the Caffre War. In 1866 he visited Mauritius, where he made some drawings, but caught a fever which prevailed there, and in bad health came to England to publish some of his works, and died October 24, 1869.
BOWLES, Thomas, draftsman and en- graver. Born about 1712. He is chiefly known by the publication of 30 views of the principal buildings in London, drawn, And some of them engraved, by himself. 50 *
But he was also esteemed for his skill as a scene painter. He engraved some portraits after several masters. His principal works are dated about the middle of the century.
BOWNDE, Richard, 'glazier,' of St Clement Danes. One of four contractors, in the reign of Henry VIII. , for 18 painted, windows of the upper story of King's College Chapel, Cambridge.
BOWNESS, Willi am, portrait painter. He was born at Kendal in 1809, and com- menced his art career there. He afterwards came to London, where he found employ- ment as a portrait painter. He was an exhibitor at Suffolk Street and at the Academy from 1841 to 1855, sometimes sending a subject— 'Girl at her Devotions,' 1841 ; * Maternal Solicitude/ 1844 ; « Cap- tivity/ 1853 ; and his last work, ' Monday Morning : Conning the Lesson,' 1855. He died in London, aged 58, December 27, 1867.
BO WRING, Benjamin, portrait paint- er. Practised in London both in oil and in miniature. He first exhibited at the Academy in 1773, and continued to con- tribute up to 1781, sending in 1777 a miniature ' Apollo and Diana.'
BOWYER, Robert, miniature painter. Was probably a pupil of Smart. He first exhibited miniatures at the Academy in 1783, and continued an exhibitor up to 1797* He had many sitters of distinction, and his works were greatly esteemed. He was appointed painter in water-colours to George III. and miniature painter to the Queen. He was the projector and publisher of an illustrated ' History of England,' which bears his name, with some other works of the same class. He died at Byfleet, Surrey, June 4, 1834, aged 76.
BOYCE, Samuel, engraver. A portrait of the Earl of Oxford bears his name. He died 1775.
« BOYDELL, Alderman John, engraver and publisher. Bom January 19, 1719, at Dorington, near Ower, Shropshire. His grandfather was vicar of Ashbourne and rector of Mapleton, Derbyshire ; his father a land surveyor, for which profession he was himself intended. But he took a fancy to engraving, and at the age of 21 walked up to London, and apprenticed himself to Mr. Thorns, at the same time entering himself as a student at the St Martin s Lane Academy. He worked steadily for six years, and then, purchasing the remaining year of his term, became his own master, and was admitted a member of the Incorporated Society cf Artists. At this time he published six small en- gravings from designs of his own, which, from each containing a bridge, was called his ' Bridge-book ; ' followed in 1751 by a book of 152 prints of views in England and Wales, also engraved by himself. The
