Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/1027

DIGTTIUS. c 5, li. n, 14, 17, 2(), &c., ed. Niclas.). Ilia writ- ings would seem to have been extant in the seven- teenth century, or at least they were supposed to be so, as Salinasius expected to receive a MS. of his work de Plaiitis from Italy. {Life pre/iavd to his Letters, i^. [id.) [W.A.G.] DIESPITEK. [Jupiter.] DIEUCHES (Ajeux^s), a Greek physician, who lived probably in the fourth century b. c, and be- lonc^ed to the medical sect of the Doj^matici. (Ga- len, de Fen. Sect. adv. Erasistr. c.5, vol. xi. p. 163 ; coinp. Id. de. Siinplic. Medimm. Temper, ac Facidt. vi. prooem. vol. xi. p. 795, de Meth. Med. i. .'i, vii. 3, vol. X. pp. 28, 462, Comment, in Hippocr. ^de Nat. Horn:' ii. 6, vol. xv. p. 136.) He was tutor to Numenius of Ilcraclea (Athen. i. p. 5. $ 8), and is sevenil times quoted by Pliny. (//. N. XX. 15, 33, 73, xxiii. 29, xxiv, 92.) He wrote some medical works, of which nothing but a few fragments remain. (Ruf. Ephes., ed. Matthaei ; XXI Vet. Medic. Grace. Opusc. ed. Matthaei ; C. G. Kiihn, Additam. ad Elench. Medic. Vet. a J.J. Faftric. exhibit. fasc.xiii. p. 6.) [W. A. G.] DIEU'CHIDAS {Ai€vxiSas of Megara, a Greek historian who wrote a history of Megara (MeyapiKa), which consisted of at least five books. (Clem. Alex. Strom, i. p. 141, vi. p. 267; Diog. Laert. i. 57; Comp. Harpocrat. .«. v. dyviSs.) The age of Dieuchidas is unknown, but his work is frequently referred to by the ancients, and his name often appears in a corrupt form. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 118,517, where his name is AipTjxiSas ; Steph. Byz. s. v. :S.K'i.p<pai ; Athen. vi. p. 262 ; Harpocrat. s. v. Tepavia ; Schol. ad Find. Nem. ix. 30; Plut. Lye. 2, in the last two passages AtfuTHX'Sas ; Schol. ac? J rts/opA.Fesp. 870; Eudoc. p. 286, where the name is Dirychias.) [L. S.] SEX. DIGI'TIUS. 1. An Italian, who served as a marine (socitis navalis) under the great P. Com. Scipio Africanus. After the taking of New Carthage in B.C. 210, Sex. Digitius and Q. Tre- bellius were rewarded by Scipio with the corona muralis, for the two men disputed as to which of them had first scaled the walls of the place. ( Liv. xxvi. 48.) It must be supposed that Digitius was further rewarded for his bravery with the lloman franchise ; for his son, or perhaps he him- self, is mentioned as praetor in B. c. 194. 2. It is uncertain whether he is a son of the Digitius who served in Spain under Scipio, or whether he is identical with him, though the for- mer is more probable. He was praetor in b. c. 1 94, and obtained southern Spain as his province. After the departure of M. Cato, several of the Spanish tribes again revolted, and Digitius had to fight many battles against them, in most of which he was so unsuccessful, that at the termination of his office his forces were reduced to half of their original number. In B. c. 190 he was appointed legate by the consxil L. Com. Scipio Asiaticus ; and, conjointly with two others, he was com- missioned to collect a fleet at Bmndusium from all parts of the coast. In b. c. 174 he was one of the ambassadors sent to Macedonia, and in the year following he was sent to Apulia to purchase provisions for the fleet and the army. (Liv. xxxv. 1, 2, xxxvii. 4, xli. 22, xlii. 27 ; Oros. iv. 22, where he is erroneously called Publius.) The military tribune. Sex. Digitius, who is mentioned by Livy (xliii. 11) about the same time, is probably a son of our Sex. Digitius. [L. S.] DTOCLEIDES. 1009 DII'TREPIIES (Aurpifvs, Thuc. vii. 29), probably distinct from the Diotrephes of Thuc. yiii. 6"4, was cntmstod, B. c. 41.*}, with the charge of carrying liome the Thracian mercenaries who ar- rived at Athens too late to sail for Syracuse with Demosthenes, and wore, to save expense, at once dismissed. He made on the way descents upon Boeotia at Tanagra, and at Mycalessus, the latter of which places he surprised, and gave up to the savage butchery of his barbarians. Boeotian forces ciime up with them, however, in their retreat to the ships, and cut down a considerable number. Diitrophes himself not improbably fell. Pausanias (i. 23. §§ 2, 3) saw a statue of him at Athens, representing him as pierced with arrows ; and an inscription containing his name, which was doubt- less cut on the basement of this statue, has been recently discovered at Athens, and is given on p. 890, a. This Diitrephes is probably the same as the Diitrephes mentioned by Aristophanes {Aves, 798, 1440), satirized in one place as a leader of the fashion of chariot-driving ; in another as a forward upstart, who had advanced himself, if the Scholiast understood the joke, to military office by the trade of basket-making. The date of " the Birds," B. c. 414, would be rather a confimiation of the identity of the two. [A. H. C] DI'LLIUS APONIA'NUS. [Aponianus.] DI'LLIUS VO'CULA. [Vocula.] DINDYME'NE {Aivdvui^ur] or Aip5vfi4u7}), a sumame of Cybele, derived either from mount Dindymus in Phrygia, where a temple was believed to have been built to her by the Argonauts (Apol- lon. Rhod. i. 985, with the Schol. ; Strab. xii. p. 575 ; Callim. Epir/r. 42 ; Horat. Carm. i. 16. 5 ; Catull. 63, 91 ; Serv. ad Aen. ix. 617), or from Dindyme, the wife of Maeon and mother of Cybele. (Diod. iii. 58.) [L. S.] DINON. [Deinon.] DIOCLEIDES (AjofcXeiSTjs), an Athenian, who, when the people were highly excited about the mutilation of the Hermae, B. c. 415, and ready to credit any information whatever, came forward and told the following story to the council : — Private business having taken him from home on the night on which the busts were defaced, he had seen about 300 men enter the orchestra of the theatre, and was able by the light of the full moon to ob- serve their features perfectly. At the time he had no idea of the purpose of their assembling, but the next day he heard of the affair of the Hermae, and taxed some of the 300 with it. They bribed him to secresy by the promise of two talents, which they afterwards refused to pay, and he had there- fore come to give information. This story was implicitly believed at the time, and a number of persons mentioned as guilty by Diocleides were imprisoned, while the informer himself received a crown of honour and a public entertainment in the Prytaneium. Soon afterwards, however, Ando- cides (who with several of his relations was .among the prisoners) came forward with his version of the matter, which contradicted that of Diocleides. It was also remembered that the moon was not visible on the night on which the latter professed to have marked by its light the faces of the ac- cused. He was driven, therefore, to confess that his evidence was false, and he added (which was, perhaps, equally false), that he had been suborned to give it by two men named Alcibiades and Ami- antus. Both of these sought Bafety by flight, aud 3t