ANTIG0NU3. ANTIGONUS. b
I.
Demetrius II., k. of
Macedonia. Died B. c. 229.
Married
1 . Stratonice, d. of Antio-
chus Soter.
2. Phtlua,d. of Alexander,
the son of Pyrrhus.
Halcyoneufi.
Antigonus Doson, k. of Echecratea,
Macedonia. Died b. c. 221. |
Married Phthia, the widow Antigonus.
of Demetrius II.
Apama.
Philip V. king of Macedonia.
Died B. c. 179.
Perseus, k. of Macedonia.
Conquered by the Romans B. c. 1 68.
ANTI'GONUS {"kvriyovos), a Greek writer
on the history of Ital3 (Fest. s. v. Romam;
Dionys, Hal. i. 6.) It has been supposed that the
Antigonus mentioned by Plutarch {Romul. 17) is
the same as the historian, but the saying there
quoted belongs to a king Antigonus, and not to the
historian. [L. S.]
ANTI'GONUS {'AvTlyovos), son of Alex-
ANDKR, was sent by Perseus, king of Macedonia,
as ambassador into Boeotia, in B. c. 172, and suc-
ceeded in inducing the towns of Coroneia, Thebes,
and Haliartus to remain faithful to the king.
(Polyb. xxvii. 5.) [L. S.]
ANTrCONUS {^Avriyovos), of Alexandria,
a grammarian who is referred to by Erotian in his
Proocmium and his Prenira. He is perhaps the
same person as the Antigonus of whom the Scho-
liast on Nicander speaks, and identical with Anti-
gonus, the commentator of Hippocrates. (Erotian,
p. 13.) [L.S.]
ANTI'GONUS {"Avriyovos), king of Asia,
sumamed the One-eyed (Lucian, Macrob. 1 1 ; Plut.
de Pmror. Educ. 14), was the son of Philip of
Elymiotis. He was bom about B. c. 382, and was
one of the generals of Alexander the Great, and in
the division of the empire {ifter his death (b. c.
323), he received the provinces of the Greater
Plirygia, Lycia, and Pamphylia. Perdiccas, who
had been appointed regent, had formed the plan of
obtaining the sovereignty of the whole of Alex-
ander's dominions, and therefore resolved upon the
ruin of Antigonus, who was likely to stand in the
waj' of his ambitious projects. Perceiving the
danger which threatened him, Antigonus fled with
his son Demetrius to Antipater in Macedonia (321);
but the death of Perdiccas in Egypt in the same
year put an end to the apprehensions of Antigonus.
Antipater was now declared regent ; he restored to
Antigonus his former provinces with the addition
of Susiana, and gave him the commission of carry-
ing on the war against Euraenes, who would not
submit to the authority of the new regent. In
this war Antigonus was completely successful ; he
defeated Eumenes, and compelled him to take
refuge with a small body of troops in Noi-a, an
impregnable fortress on the confines of Lycaonia and
Cappadocia ; and after leaving this place closely
invested, he marched into Pisidia, and conquered
Alcetas and Attains, the only generals who still
held out against Antipater (bc. 320). [Alcetas.]
The death of Antipater in the following year
(u. c. 319) was favourable to the ambitious views
of Antigonus, and almost placed within his reach
the throne of Asia. Antipater had appointed Po-
lysperchon regent, to the exclusion of his own son
Cassander, who was dissatisfied with the arrange-
ment of his father, and claimed the regency for
himself. He was supported by Antigonus, and
their confederacy was soon afterwards joined by
Ptolemy. But they found a formidable rival in
Eumenes, who was appointed by Polysperchon to
the command of the troops in Asia. Antigonus
commanded the troops of the confederates, and the
struggle between him and Eumenes lasted for two
years. The scene of the first campaign (b. c. 318)
was Asia Minor and Syria, of the second (b. c. 317)
Persia and Media. The contest was at length
terminated by a battle in Gabiene at the beginning
of B. c. 316, in which Eumenes was defeated. He
was surrendered to Antigonus the next day through
the treachery of the Argyraspids, and was put to
death by the conqueror.
Antigonus was now by far the most powerful of
Alexander's generals, and was by no means dis-
posed to share with his allies the fruits of his vic-
tory. He began to dispose of the provinces as he
thought fit. He caused Pithon, a general of great
influence, to be brought before his council, and
condemned to death on the charge of treachery,
and executed several other officers who shewed
symptoms of discontent. After taking possession
of the immense treasures collected at Ecbatana and
Susa, he proceeded to Babylon, where he called
upon Seleucus to account for the administration of
the revenues of this province. Such an account,
however, Seleucus refused to give, maintaining that
he had received the province as a free gift from
Alexander's anny ; but, admonished by the recent
fate of Pithon, he thought it more prudent to get
out of the reach of Antigonus, and accordingly left
Babylon secretly with a few horsemen, and fled to
Egypt.
The ambitious projects and great power of Anti-
gonus now led to a general coalition against him,
consisting of Seleucus, Ptolemy, Cassander, and
Lysimachus. The war began in the year 315,
and was carried on with great vehemence and al-
ternate success in Syria, Phoenicia, Asia Minor,
and Greece. After four years, all parties became
exhausted with the struggle, and peace was accord-
ingly made, in B. c. 311, on condition that the
Gr(>ek cities should be free, that Cassander should
retain his authority in Europe till Alexmider Ae-
gus came of age, that Lysimachus and Ptolemy
