Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/705

JUVENTIUS. of G. Fabricius, fol. Basil. 1564 ; in tlie Opera et Fraginenta vet. Poet. Lat. of Maittaire, fol, Lond. 1713; in the Bibliotheca Pair. Mcur. Lugdun. 1677, vol. iv. p. 55 ; and was published separately with a collection of commentaries, by Reuschius, 8vo. Lips. 1710. The Liber in Genesim first appeared in its com- plete form in Martene et Durand, Scriptorum et Monumentorum Amplissima Collection fol. Paris, 1723, vol. ix. p. 14, from whence it was reprinted, along with the Historia Evangelica, in the Biblio- tlieca Pairum of Galland, foL Venet. 1 770, vol. iv. p. 587. (Hieron. De Vir. III. 84, Ep. ad Magnum, Chron. Etiseb. ad A. D. cccxxix. ; Gebser, De C. VcMii Aquilini Juvenci Vita et Scriptis, 8vo. Jen. 1827.) [W. R.J JU VENT AS. [Hebe.] JUVE'NTIA GENS, an ancient plebeian gens, which came from Tusculum (Cic. pro Plane. 8), and settled in Rome, probably in the course of the fourth century B. c. According to the statement of L. Cassius, who united with L. Juventius La- terensis in accusing Cu. Plancius, Cicero's client, the first plebeian aedile was a member of the Ju- ventia gens. The correctness of this statement is denied by Cicero ; but whether true or false, the fact of its being made sufficiently proves the an- tiquity of the gens. (Cic. pro Plane. 24.) The name does not occur again in history till the year B.C. 197 [Juventius, No. 1] ; and the first of the gens who obtained the consulship was M. Ju- ventius Thalna in b. c. 163. Notwithstanding their antiquity and nobility, none of the Juventii played any prominent part in history, and the name is indebted for its celebrity chiefly to the two jurists who lived in the second century of the Christian aera. [Celsus, Juventius.] The family-names of this gens are Celsus, La- terensis, Pkdo, Thalna : a few occur without a surname. Owing to the common interchange of li and V, the name is frequently written Juben- tius in manuscripts and inscriptions. JUVENTI'NUS A'LBIUS OVI'DIUS, the name attached to thirty-five distichs entitled Ele- gia de Philomela^ containing a collection of those words which are supposed to express appropriately the sound uttered by birds, quadrupeds, and other animals. Take as a specimen, Mas avidus mintrit, velox mustecula drindit, Et grillus grillat, desticat inde sorex. The age of the author is quite unknown, but from the last couplet in the piece it would appear that he was a Christian. Bernhardy has en- deavoured to prove from Spartianus {Grundriss der Rom. Lilt. p. 135), that this and other trifles of a similar description were composed by the contemporaries of the emperor Geta, the son of Septimius Severus and the brother of Caracalla. (Burman. Anthol. Lat. v. 143, or n. 233, ed. Meyer ; Wemsdorf, Poet. Lat. Minores, vol. vii. p. 178. and p. 279.) [W.R.] JUVE'NTIUS. 1 . T., a tribime of the soldiers who fell in battle in B.C. 197, when the consul Q. Minucius Rufus was defeated by the Cisalpine Gauls. (Liv. xxxiii. 22.) 2. T., mentioned by Livy (xlii. 27) as one of the legati sent into Apulia and Calabria to pur- chase corn in B.C. 172, is probably the same as IX ION. 691 the T. Juventius Thalna who was praetor in b. c. 194. [Thalna.] 3. A comic poet, who probably lived in the middle of the second century B. c. He is referred to by Varro (L. L. vi. 50, vii. 65, ed. Miiller) and A. Gellius (xviii. 12). 4. P., praetor in B.C. 149, who was defeated and slain in battle in Macedonia by the usurper Andriscus (Pseudophilippus). [Andriscus.] (Liv. Epit. 50 ; Flor. ii. 14 ; Eutrop. iv. 13 : Oros. iv. 22.) 5. A beautiful youth, to whom Catullus has addressed several of his poems. (Carm. 24, 48, 99.) C. JUVE'NTIUS, a Roman jurist, one of the numerous auditores of Q. Mucins, P. f. Scaevola, the Pontifex Maximus. He is mentioned by Pora- ponius along with Aquilius Gallus, Balbus Lucilius, and Sextus Papirius, as one of the four most emi- nent pupils of Mucins. Nothing more is known of him. His works possessed high authority, and were incorporated by Servius Sulpicius in his own writings. In the time of Pomponius, the original productions of the disciples of Mucius were scarce, and were known chiefly through the books of Servius Sulpicius. (Dig. i. tit. 2. s. 2. $ 42.) [J.T. G.] T. JUVE'NTIUS, an advocate, who was much employed in private causes. He was a slow and rather cold speaker, but a wily disputant. He pos- sessed considerable legal knowledge, as did also his disciple Q. Orbius, who was a contemporary of Cicero. {Brut. 48.) Ch. Ad. Ruperti thinks that the T. Juventius mentioned by Cicero is the sam& with the disciple of Mucius, to whom Pomponius gives the praenomen Caius. (jnimad. in Enchirid. Pomponii, iii. 8.) [J. T. G.] IXI'ON i^ntwv), a son of Phlegyas (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 62 ; comp. Strab. x. p. 442, who calls him a brother of Phlegyas), or, according to others, a son of Antion by Perimela, of Pasion, or of Ares. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. ii. 39 ; Diod. iv. 69 ; Hygin. Fab. 62.) According to the common tradition, his mother was Dia, a daughter of Dei oneus. He was king of the Lapithae or PhlegyeSi and the father of Peirithous. (Apollod. i. 8. § 2 ; Hygin. Fab. 14.) When Deioneus demanded of Ixion the bridal gifts he had promised, Ixion trea- cherously invited him, as though it were to a banquet, and then contrived to make him fall into a pit filled with fire. As no one purified Ixion of this treacherous murder, and all the gods were in- dignant at him, Zeus took pity upon him, purified him, and invited him to his table. But Ixion was ungrateful to his benefactor, and attempted to win the love of Hera. Zeus made a phantom resem- bling Hera, and by it Ixion became the father of a Centaur, who again having intercourse with Mag- nesian mares, became the father of the Hippo- centaurs. (Pind. Pyth. ii. 39, &c. with the Schol. ; Schol. ad Eurip. Phoen. 1185 ; Lucian, IHal. Deor. 6.) Ixion, as a punishment, was chained by Hermes with his hands and feet to a wheel, which is described as winged or fiery, and said to have rolled perpetually in the air or in the lower world. He is further said to have been scourged, and com- pelled to exclaim, " Benefactors should be ho- noured." (Comp. Schol. ad Horn. Od. xxi. 303 ; Hygin. Fab. 33, 62 ; Serv. ad Virg. Aen. vi. 601, Georg. iii. 38, iv. 484 ; Schol. Venet. ad II. L 266.) . [L.a] V Y 2