800 SEVERUS. Tunnunensis, Chronicon; Theophanes, Chronog. pp. 1 130-142, ed. Paris, pp. 104-113, ed. Venice, pp. 233-255, ed. Bonn; Evagrius, H. E. ll. cc.; Concilia, ll. cc.; Liberatus, Breviarium Caussae Nestorianorum et Eutychianorum, c. 19; Nicepho- rus Callisti, H. E. lib. xvi. 29-32, 34, 45, xvii. 2, 8, 9, xviii. 45, 49, 50; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 513, vol. i. p. 499; Tillemont Mémoires, xvi. pp. 682, &c. 709, &c.; Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, vol. ii. col. 730; Abulpharagius, Hist. Dynastia- rum, pp. 93, 94 of Pococke's Latin Version, 4to. Oxon, 1663; L'Art de vérifier les Dates, 8vo. Paris, 1818, vol. iv. p. 16, &c.)
SEVERUS. extract from a work of Severus is given under the title of 'Amóкpois, Responsum, to the question, Пws vonтéov Tv ToÛ Kupiov тpińμерov тaphy кai dváσTaow; Quomodo sit intelligenda triduana Domini sepultura et resurrectio? was given in the Quaestiones (Qu. lii) of Anastasius Sinaita [ANASTASIUS SINAITA, No. 3]; and was pub- lished by Gretser in his edition of that work. Fabricius has inaccurately confounded this extract with the fragment published by Montfaucon. 2. Severus wrote a vast number of Aóyor, Sermones. Aóyos p', Sermo CLX., is cited in a MS. Catena in Prophetas Majores et Minores, in the King's Library at Paris (Montfaucon, l. c. p. 53), and there may have been many more than that number. Many of these Sermones are extant in MS. in a Syriac version, by Jacobus of Edessa [JACOBUS, No. 8] and others (Assemani, Biblioth. Oriental. vol. i. p. 494). Of the Aóyou of Severus some were designated 'EvopoviaσTIкol, Inaugurales; and a fragment of one of these was published by Le Quien, in his edition of the works of Joannes Damascenus (vol. i. p. 504), by whom it was cited in the Appendix to his Letter or Tract Пepl Tav |áyiwv vnσreiwv, De Sanctis Jejuniis [DAMASCENUS, JOANNES]. Another citation from a discourse of Severus, entitled Homilia de Epithronio, appears in the Latin version by Masius of the Paradisus of Moyses Bar Cepha (Assemani, Biblioth. Orient. vol. ii. p. 129), published first at Antwerp, A. D. 1569, and reprinted in various editions of the Bibliotheca Patrum (vol. vi. ed. Paris, 1575, vol. i. ed. Paris, 1589 and 1654, vol. x. ed. Cologne, 1618, and vol. xvii. ed. Lyons, 1677). The polemical works of Severus, as might be expected from his cha- racter and position, were numerous. Citations are extant in MS. from his writings. 3. Κατὰ τοῦ гpauμатiкоÛ, Contra Grammaticum, or Kard Κατὰ Ἰωάννου τοῦ γραμματικοῦ τοῦ Καισαρέως, Contra Joannem Cuesareensem Grammaticum, in three books at least, written while in exile at Alexandria, | his deposition That Severus was a man of indomitable courage and perseverance is obvious from his history. He was, in fact, the leader of the Monophysite party, and may be regarded as the principal author of the great Jacobite schism. His career was consistent, and, to all appearance, guided by integrity and if he largely partook of the bitter and uncharitable temper which the religious struggles of his day had generated, the general prevalence of his fault may be pleaded as extenuating the guilt of the individual. To which it must be added, that we know him almost entirely from the representations of his opponents. His life was written by a con- temporary; but the work is lost, and is known to us only in the citations and references of Evagrius (H. E. iii. 33), and Liberatus (Breviar. c. 19). À life of Severus in Syriac was noticed by Asse- mani among the MSS. of the Syriac convent of St. Mary, at Scete in the desert of Nitria, in Egypt, but it is not certain if it was the life of Severus of Antioch. (Assemani, Bibl. Orient. vol. iii. part 1, p. 19). Some statements of very doubtful credit, made by the Nestorians respecting U the numerous mani (ibid. p. 384, &c.). ments remain. There are citation verus only frag- various Catenae in Genesim, in Jobum, in Esa.. him in in Matthaeum, in Lucam, in Joannem, in Acta m, Apostolorum et Catholicas Epistolas (Fabric. Bibl. afte Graec. vol. viii. pp. 646, 664, 676, 679, 684, 695, Dux, g. 6.). 4. Karà ÞINIKIσoiμov, Contra Fe- 696, vol. x. p. 616); and on the ground, apparently, licissimum te, in four books at least. of these citations, Fabricius (vol. x. p. 616) ascribes to him, 1. Commentarii on these various books of Scripture, though the extracts may be from his Sermones, or some of his other works. A Com- mentary on the Psalms is indeed mentioned by Hist. Litt. p. 501), and a work, probably a Com- Gregorius Bar Hebraeus or Abulpharagius (Cave, mentary, on St. Luke's Gospel, is cited in a Coislin MS. (Montfauc. Bill. Coislin. p. 54). Montfaucon published (Biblioth. Coislin. p. 68), under the name of Severus, and under the impres- sion that it had never before been printed, a fragment, which he entitled Severi Archiepiscopi Antiocheni Concordantia Evangelistarum circa ea quae in Sepulcro Domini contigerunt: item de Sab- batis et de Varietate Exemplurium S. Marci Evan- gelistae: but the fragment has been identified with a piece previously published among the works of Gregory of Nyssa, ed. Paris, A.D. 1615 and 1638 [GREGORIUS NYSSENUS], to whom, however, it does not belong; and A. D. 1648, again in the Auctarium Novum of Combéfis, by whom it was more correctly ascribed to Hesychius of Jerusalem [HESYCHIUS, No. 7]. How the piece came to be ascribed to Severus is discussed by Galland in the Prolegomena (c. 3) to vol. xi. of his Bibliotheca Patrum, in which the piece is reprinted. An 5. Пpus 'lov- Aiavov Adekapvaσéa, Contra Julianum Halicar- nassensem, inaus several books, or more probably several successing re works; from this work a short passage is quoteshol by Photius (Bibl. Cod. 225). 6. Kard 'Aλeávo opov, Contra Alexandrum; or Alexandri, in several tobooks. 7. Kard Tn dia- Kard KwdikiλAwv 'Arepetávdpov, Contra Codicillos hкns Аaμmеriov, Contras p: Testamentum Lampetü, τῆς δια i. e. the work of Lampet prius the Massalian, en- titled Alabin, which, as well as the reply of Severus, is noticed by Photiuak på (Biblioth. Cod. 52). Severus wrote this work beforehood his elevation to the Patriarchate. Severus wrote alsstes two works against or rather "O Paλnens, Philalethe. Dise 8. Amator Veri (comp. Anastas. Sinait. l. c.); thical, ? other, 9, in the Council of Chalcedon: one, utho8. Td iλaλnen, defence of the former, under the titlear tha of 'Amorogia ^a^hovs, Philalethae Apologia, lcedo. Perhaps the anons is only another tige fraec. No. 3. Fabricius mentions a work of Sex(414) rus, in eight books, if not more, Hept Twy dye Quecratio, Of the other works of Severus the principal were De duabus Naturis, but does not cite his authorit 11. his 'EntσTonal, Epistolae, of which Mont icly tioch, v. faucon enumerates nearly sixty, without including those to the Emperor Justinian and the Empress Theodora, and to the patriarch Theodosius of Toû 10. 'O phy- D. ma
