Lechaenm, ntnsaiiias mentions near the Pdrene a
itfttae of Apollo ; and next along the road a statue
of Hermes with a ram, and statues also of Poeeldon,
I^eucothea, and Palaemon upon a dolphin. Near
the statue of Poseidon were the baths constructed
bj Enrjcles, the Laoonian, which were the most
splendid in all Corinth, and were adorned with va^
rions kinds of marble, particularlj with that which
came from Croceae, in Laconia. Further on was
the most remarkable of all the fountains in Corinth;
it represented Bellerophon mounted on Pegasus,
through whose hoof the water flowed (iL 3. §§ 3 — 5).
Pansanias next describes the monuments in the
street leading from the Agon to Sicyon. (Comp.
" Porta, quae fert Sicyonem," LW. zzzii. 23.) These
^^trere, iu suooessUHi, the Temple of Apollo, with a
V^bronxe statue of the god; the fountain of Glance ;
the Odeinm, probablj the ooVMed Utetre, builFBy
HenDdes Atticus, in imitation of the one he had
oected at Athens, but of smaller die (pkerpw
^rwp6<ptor, Philostr. ViL Soph. 236, Kays.); the
tomb of Medea's children; the temple of Athena
Chalinitis, so called because she gave Bellerophon
the bridle bj which he secured Pegasus ; the
theatre (comp. Plut Arat. 23; Polyb. v. 27); the
temple of Jupiter Capitolinus; the ancient gymna^
ainm muH tJiafiypnt^in <*^^] «d ^ ^ .crn^ suTTounded with
columns andTseats; and close to the gymnasium two
temples sacred to Zeus and Ascleptus respectively
(u. 8. § 6j»fk 4. §§ 1-5).
Pausaiuas then ascends the AcrocorinUius. In
Boman Corinth no part of the Acrocorinthus appeais
to have been inhabited: there were only a few public
buildings by the side of the road leading up to the
summit. Pausanias mentions in the ascent two
aacred enckisures of Isis, and two oi Sarapis; altars
of the Sun, and a sanctuary of Necessity and Force,
which 00 one was allowed to enter; a temple of the
Mother of the Gods, containing a pillar and a
throne, both made of stone; a temple of Juno
Bunasa; and upon the summit a temple of Aphro-
dite, to whom the whole mountun was sacred (ii. 4.
§§ ^f 7)* Pausanias does not mention the Sisy*
phdum, which Strabo describes (viii. p. 379) as
situated below the Petrane. This building is men-
tioned by INodonis Sicnlus (xz. 103), who says
that part of the garrison of Cauander took refuge in
the Acrocorinthus, and part in the Sisypheium,when
Demetrius was adinitted into the town by a part of
the citizens. From this narrative it is clauc that
the Sisypfaeium was near the fountain issuing at
the foot of the Acrocorinthus, and not near the one
upon the top of the mountain: from Strabo's words
above, it is not clear which of the two fountains ad-
joined the Sisypheium. From its name wo may
ooDclnde that it was r^arded as the ancient palace
of the kings of the race (^ Sbyphus.
On deeceoding from the Acrocorinthus, Pausanias
did not go back to the lower city, but turned to the
south, and quitted Corinth by the Teneatic gate,
near which was a temple of Eileithyia. All the
other gates of the city led towards the sea; but tliis
one ooodocted into tlw mountainous country in the
iaterior. Hence it is described as the gate behind
the mountain (^ Tcycorud^ irvAif, Pans. ii. 5.
f 4; oi furii Kopv^^ a^Aoi, Polyaen. iv. 17. § 8).
Scarcely any thing remains of ancient Corinth.
The most important relics are seven Doric columns
' on the western outskirts of the modem town. Five of these odumns belonged to one of the fronts of a . temple^ and three (ooonting the angujar, column
twice) to one of the sides of the peristyle. The
diameter of the columns, 5 feet 10 inches, is greater
tlian that of any other columns of the same order
now existing in Greece. When Wlieeler visited
Greece in 1 676, there were twelve columns stand-
ing; and the ruin was in the same state when de-
scribed by Stuart 90 years afterwards. It was in
its present condition when visited by Mr. Hawkins
in 1795. This temple appears to have had origi-
nally six columns in frmt. It is conjectured by ^
Leake to hiive been the temple of Athena Chalinitis. ;ft
At a short distance to the northward of these seven
columns, on the brow of the cliffis overlookiag tiie
plain and buy of Lechaeum, Leake remarked upon
an artificial level, the foundations of a large build-
ing, and some fragments of Dcric columns, sufficient,
in his opinion, to prove that in this spot there stood
another of the principal edifices of Grecian Corinth.
He supposes that it was a hexastyle temple, about
75 feet in breadth, and that from its dimensions
and position, it was one of the chief temples of the ,
lower city. He further conjectures that this was
the temple of Apollo, which Pausanias describes as
on the road to Sicyon; and that as the temple of
Aphrodite was the chief sanctuary on the Acroco-
rinthus, so this of Apollo was the principal sacred
building in the lower city. This seems to be sup-
ported by the fact mentitmed by Herodotus, that in
the edict issued by Periander, whoever held any con-
%'erse with his sim, Lycophron, was to pay a fine
to Apollo. (Herod, iu. 52.)
Besides these remains of Gredan Corinth, there «
are ruins of two buildings of Boman Corinth. The
Boman remains are: — 1. A large mass of brick-
work on the northern side of the bazaar of modem
Corinth, perliaps a part of one of the baths built by
Hadrian. 2. An amphitheatre, excavated in the
rock on the eastern side of the modem town. As
this amphitheatre is not noticed by Pausanias, it is
possibly a work posterior to his time. The area
below is 290 feet by 190: the thickness of the re-
maining part of the cavea b 100 feet At one end
of the amphitheatre are the remuns of a subterra-
neous entrance for the wild beasts, or gladiators. This
amphitheatre is apparently the place of meeting of
the Corinthians, described in a passage of Dion
Chiysoetom, to which Leake has directed attention
((
Greek characters) Or. Rhod,
p. 347, Morell; Leake, Pehpormesiaoay p. 393).
The most important of the isolated antiquities of
Corinth is the 'wtpun6fuoy or mouth of an ancient
.well, the exterior of which is sculptured with ten
figures of divinities in veiy low relief. This beauti-
ful work of art, which was seen by Dodwell, Leake
and others in the garden of Notary's house at Corinth,
is now in London, in the collection of the Earl of
Guildford. The subject represents the introduction
of Aphrodite into Olympus. (Dodwell, Clauioal
Towj voL ii. p. 200; Leaike, Morea, vol. iii. p. 264;
Welcker, AUe Denkm&ler, vol ii. p. 27.) Curtius
noticed before the present govemment buildings a
fine torso oi Aphrodite. It has been asserted, but
without proof, that the foiur bronze horbcs of St»
Mark at Venice, came from Corinth.
Corinth is now a small town, but is extremely unhealthy in the summer and autumn in consequence of the malaria, for which it is difficult to account, as it receives the sea breezes from either side. It is called by the inhabitants Gortho which is only a oonruption of the ancient name.
