Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/324

HIEBAPYTNA. Some rained moBqaei fend aqnare Sancenie towen, with the remains of its sarroondiiig walls and ditches, mark the limits of the Muslim dtj, within which are four large cisterns, a fine sarcophagus, and, among other ancient remains, the scattered ruins of an acropolis and two temples. Of the smaller, the inclosure and portions of 8eT«a eolumns remain ; bat it seems to possess litUe interest compared with the huger, which may have boM that of the Sjrian" Queen of Heaven." Among the remaiu of the ktter are some fragments of massive architecture, not nnlike the Aegyptian, and 1 1 arches form one side of a square paved court, over whidi are scattered the shafts of columns and capitals displaying the lotus. A little way to the W. of the walls there is an extensive necropolis, which contains many Turkish, vrith some Pagan, Seljukian, and Syriac tombs ; the last having some almost illegible inscriptions in the ancient character. (Chesney, Exped. EuphraL ToL i. p. 516.) Hierapolis was the ecclesiastical metropolis of the province Euphratensis. (Neale, Hist, of EomL C*arcA, vol. i. p. 134.) Eekhel (voL iiL p. 261) has noticed the fiuTt, that the coins of Uierapolb copy the type of thorn of Antioch.: they are Selendd, autonomous, and im- perial, ringing from Tngan to the elder and younger Philip. [E. B. J.] HIERAPYTNA ('I^pArwrra, Strab. ix. p. 440, X. pp. 472, 475; Plin. iv. 20 ; 'IcpA UxfTva, Ptol. iii. 17. § 4, where some MSS. have 'Uph. ncrpa; Steph. B.; Inscripi op. Gruter, p. 595; *Up6:*v^n, DionCa8S.xxxvi.8; UierocL'IffNin^va,StaduMm.; Hiera, PeuL Tab^j a town of Crete, of which Strabo (I c.) says that it stood in the narrowest part of the island, opposite Minoa. Hierapytna, according to the Coast-describer, was 180 stadia from Biennus, which agrees with the distance of 20 M. P. assigned to it by the Peutinger Table. It was a town of gnat antiquity, and its foundation was ascribed to the Gorybantes; it bore the successive names of Cyrba, Pytna, Camirus, and Hierapytna. (Strab. p. 472 ; Steph. B, $. v.) From an inscription prc- ■erved among the Oxford marbles, it appears that the Hierapytnians were at one time allied with the neighbouring city of Priansus. (BSckh, Corp. Itir ser^ Graeo. n. 2556; H'dck, Kreta, vol. iii. p. 472.) Traces of this city have been found at the KoMtile of Hierdpeira, (Pashley, Trav. yoL i. p. 271.) There are both autonomous and imperial coins belonging to Hierapytna; the symbol on the Ibrmer is generally a palm tree. (Eekhel, vol. ii. p. S13.) [B.B.J.] HIMEBA. 1065 COIN OP HIERAPYTNA. HIERASUS FL. ('lipturos, Pte). iii. 8. § 4), a river of Dada, which has been identified with the TiARAirruB (Ttap€un6s, Herod, iv. 48 ; Schafarik, 8kw, AlLytA. L p. 506). Perhaps the river now called HIERATIS aUp^rts, Arrian, Ind, c 39), a town belonging to the province of Persia, on an island fanned by a channel from a river in the neighbour- hood. The whole country in its immediate neigh- boturhood appears to have been a peninsula, and to have borne the name in aneieut times of Mesambria. It is not easy to fix its exact position; but it could not have beoi &r from the modem Ahtuhir. (Vin- cent, Voy. of Nearekut, vol. i. pw 390.) [V.] HIERICU& [Jbkicho.] HIEKOMIAX. [JOBDANKS.] HiEROM ACRON ('Icp2»r Cicpor; Sacrum Pro. montorium), in Ireland, mentioned by Ptolemy (iiL 2. § 6) as the south-eastera point of the i8huid=> Canuore PowL [R. Q. L.J HlERCyPOLIS. [HiBRAPOUs.] Hl£ROS(yLYllA [Jbrubalbm.] HILLEVIO'NES, according to Pliny (iv. 27) the general name for all the inhabitants of Scandinavia. The name is not mentioned by Tacitus, who (^Germ. 44, 45) divides all the inhabitants of Scandinavia into two groups, called Smonn and SiUmet. The HiUeviones form one of the great groups into which all the German tribes were divided. (Comp. Gek- MAIflA.) [L. S.] HIMELLA, a river in the country of the Sabmes, mentioned by ViiKii in the same line with Casperia and Foruli. (Aen, viL 714.) According to Vibiua Sequester (p. 11. Oberlin), it was a river in the neighbourhood of Casperia; and if this is not a mere hasty inference from the line of Virgil, we may probably identify it with a small stream called Aia or VAiOj which rises in the mountains to the N. of ^«pra, and falk into the Tiber about 10 miles from that town. According to some authorities, this river is still called the Imelle, but this name appears to have been unknown to earlier tqx^ra- phers, and is perhaps merely a piece of classical learning. (Cluver. ItaL p. 675; Bnnsen, in the Atm. d. IntL vol. vi. p. 110.) [E. H. B.J HI'MERA Om^: £th. 'Ifitpoios, Himerensis, but the a4J. Himeraeus : near Termini), an impor- tant Greek city of Sicily, situated on the N. coast of the udand, at the mouth of the river of the same name, between Panormus and Cephaloedinm. Thu- cydides says it was the only Greek city on this coast of Sicily (vi 62, viL 58), which must however be understood with reference only to independent cities; MyUie, which was also on the K. coast, and certainly of Greek origin, being a dependency of Zancle or Messana. All authorities agree that Himera was a colony of Zancle, but Thucydides tells us that, with the emignnts from Zancle, who were of Chalcidic origin, were mingled a number of Syracusan exiles, the consequence of which was, that, though the institu- tions {if6fufad) of the new city were Chalcidic, its dialect had a mixture of Doric. The foundation of Himera is placed subsequent to that of Mylae (as, from their raUitive position, might naturally have been expected) both by Strabo and Scymnus Chitu : its date is not mentioned by Thucydides, hut Dio- dorns telb us that it had existed 240 years at the time of its destruction by the Carthaginians, which would fix its first settlement in B.a 648. (Thuc. i, 5 ; Strab. vi. p. 272 ; Scymn. Cb. 289 ; Diod. xiii. 62 ; Hecat fr. 49 ; Scyl. p. 4. § 13.) We have veiy little information as to its early history: an ob- scure notice in Aristotle {Rhet ii. 20), from which it appeare to have at one ti,me fallen noder the domi- nion of the tyrant Pbalaris, being the only mention we find of it, until about b. o. 490, when it afforded a I temporary refuge to Scythes, tyrant of Zancle, after