Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/36

DIOLIKDUM. iota frtm the ignniiMtioa dw; the Bnt part of tlw nuie hmj ba aDotlwr Ann of Skio, u in Diiodonun. Sans gtof^phan nuke the pJnM Ahtob. D'AoriUt Bin oQ JiHurc near pDntetorlpOBt. [G.L.) DIOLINDUM, a plac* in Gallj*. Tbs Table Riva > road fnoi Bnrdigabi (Bordeaux) through Agio- Dom to DtoliDdum. Agmniun ig Agen ; ind th«  next Mttion ia Eiciaciin, 13 Gallic Itognes froiD Agm. Diolindninia SI Gallic kagntstnini Eicinua. DJoliDdom is ■ donbtfnl naitioo; but La Imdt on Uw Dordognt, pr^Kwed bj D'AniiUe, snuia to be a pnUbla £tb [0. L.] DIOMED£AE INSULAE (ai t^a^ifitai ntaoi), a gioup of miall iilanda off the coast of Apnlia. Dcnr called Isolb pi Tremtti : the; arr diilout and IS from the mouth of the riler Fimto (/'or-' tffra). Their ancieuE name vai derived from tha legend which repnaeatsl thsm aa the tonae of the tranaAiRna^on of the coni[)aiDiDiii of Diomed into Urda; a spicia of larits sea-foci bj which they were inhabited (called bf Plin; Calanctea — apparenllj a kind of diver) were nippowd to be the descendanU of tbeae Oreek aailont, aod were aaid to displaj a marked partiality br all vieiton of Hellenic ei- tnction. (Strah. vi. p. 384; Ljcophr. Alex. S»4 —609; PMnd-AriM. da Mirab. § 79; Anton. Lib. 37 : Staph. B. t. v. ; Ovid, MtL liv. 482— SOS ; PUs. X. 44. a. 61 ; Ael. B.A. i. 1 ; Diocyi. Par. 4S3.) Anciant aulheia differ conndarably iu repaid to tlieir nnmber- Stapbanoa, Lycophiio, and tha aijtha- graphers, aa well a> Aelian aod Dionyiitu, mentico only one island, which they call ^lofJitna i^crat; Stiabo Bays then are two, one of nhich is inliabiteii, tite other not; Pliny (lii, 36. i. 30) calls the larger idand " Diomadia iniula," and adds that there ia another of the same nanw, bnC called by Bome Teu- tria; Ptolemy (iii. 1. § 80) aaya there are five, bnt without giving thdr iiamea. The tea! number is three islands, besidn aome mere ncke ; they are now called S. Domenieo, B. Nicoia, and Caprara : theae three lie close together, while the amall iahind of Piama (distant 1 1 gec^. milea to the NE.) is not DOW nckwied to belong lo the group, but may perhaps ba the TenOiaof rllny. Theisland of5. ifomenHM is mneb tha largest of the three, aod ia eiideotly the Diomedia inanla of the andenls, where a ihrinc of that hem and hia tomb wen shonn, together with a grove of plane trees, aaid to be the first introduced into Italy. (PUo. lii. 3.) But the aame island was also known by tha name of TnuiSBDa, probably its Temacniar or native Dama, from whence cornea the modem a|^iellatkn of Trtmiti, now a[^ed to the whole gnup. We loun from Tacitua that Asguatns aeleetad it foe the place of eiite of hia daughter Julia. (Tac.Jwt.iv. 71.) The name ia already written " TreTnetie " by the Gaognpher of Ravenna ia tha 9th century. (Anmi. Baveun. t. 25, ed. GroooT,) [E. H. B.] DlOJjrSIA, [Cbambusa.] DIO.SYSIADES (Aionwiiihi, Diod. T. 75), small liJands which lie off tha coast of Citte lo tha NE. The pnilion ia fixed by the Coast-docriber at 120 stadia frwn Sammonlum f^Stadiatm.') The Feu- linger Table places at the E. of the N. extremity of Crete, an island with the unfinished name of Diun. . . . This must be ona of (his group of islands, which DOW are called Dki/myiadka. See the map In Pashley's Tnad: (Hiick, Krtia, toLL pp.438, 439.) [E, B, J,] DIONYSOTOLIS i&m>inv wiMi: IM.Aior'- DIOSCURUS. 777 FsmXiIn)!), a dty of Phi7gia. Tha Ethnie name «cnn on medals, and in a letter of M. Cicaro to hia bnther Quintua (fld Q. Fr. J. S), in which be ipeaka of the pepple of IHonyaopdia b^ng very iwelSe lo Quintua, which must have been fat something that Quintns did during; his praetorahip of Asia. Pliny (v. 29) places the Dionysopolitae in the conventus of Apunea, which is all that He kuow of their pwition. We may infer from the coin that the phice wai oo " 'laeander, or omx it Stephanns (i.v.) says it was Jbonded by Attains and EDinenea. Ste^ianos mentions anotber DionysopoUs in Pontus, caigiually called Cmni, and he qnotes two verses of Scymnos about it. [G. !>.] DIONYSOPOLIS INDIAE. [Nao DIONYSOPOLIS UOESUE. [Cbu DIO'POLIS. [C.(BiRA.] DIOSCO'RIDIS INSULA (Aioffm/jHoui iTJiroi, lol. viii, 22, § 17; Arrian, Peripl Mar. Erythr. p. 16; Stcph. B. t. V. Auo-taiipiii), an island of the Indian Ocean, of considerable importance aa an Syagros Pnxnraitorium (Cope FartaiS) in Arabia, and Aromata Pmuontoriom (Cape Guaria/vC), en the Dpp«ile coast of Africa, somewhat nearer to the Cbrmer. according lo Arrian, which is veiy far from the truth, if theDioscoridis be rightly identified with Soeolorra, which is 200 mile: distant Irom the ArabLin coast, and 1 1 from the NE. promontory of Africa, ll is described by Arrian as VC17 eitenaiTB, bat desert and exceedingly mtnst, abounding in rivers tenanted by crocodiles, many vipers, and huge liurds, whole flesh was edible, and their giesse when melted wss used as a substitute for oil. It produced neither vines nor com. It had but few inhabilanls, who occufded 1 be north side of the island towards the Arabian peninsula. It was a mixed popnhiUoa. compiBed of Arabs, Indiana, and Greeks, attracted thither by commercial enterprise. The island prodnced Tarions species of lortmaea, particu- larly a kind distinguished for the nceand Ihicknesa and hardness of its sbell.&tan whicb were made boxes, writing tablets, and other Dtenails, which were the chief erports of the island. It produced also the vegetable dye called Indicum, or dngou'a blood. It woa subject to the king of the frankincense country in Arabia, by whom it was garrisoned, and farmed out for mercantile purposes. Thus f»t Arrian. Pliny's notice is laiy bri^. He calls it a celebrated island In the Aianian sea, ao named from Auinis or Barbaria, tiow Ajm, south of Somatdi on the African munland, and etatea ita distance from the Syagrua Pramoutorium to be S80 miles (vi, 28. a. 32). it is still tributary lo the Arahisns. [G. W.] D10SCU'RIAS(AioffK-phii,8t«ph.B.;Plol.».10i laid, Or^.ETi.; AuwiToiipli,ScyL p. 22), one of the niuneroua colonies of Miletus, at the E. extremity of the Euxne (Arrian, Ptri^ pp. 10, 18) un tb* mouth of the river Anihemua, to the N, of Colchia (Plin. vi B). It waa wlnated 100 MJ". (Plin. L c)