and Woolwich : entered the Royal Artillery : Lt-Colonel in Indian Staff Corps in the Political Department in India : Consul-General, Bushire : Deputy Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department : Resident in Kashmir : accompanied the second son of the Amir of Afghanistan to England, 1895 : C.I.E., 1885 : K.C.I.E., 1895.
TALBOT, HON. GERALD CHETWYND (1819–1885)
Born Oct. 3, 1819 : son of second Earl Talbot : originally in the Ceylon Civil Service : Private Secretary from Aug. 1856, to April, 1858, to Lord Canning, when Governor-General : Private Secretary, 1858, to Lord Stanley, when Secretary of State for India : Director-General of the Military Store Department at the India Office, 1860–79 : died Feb. 13, 1885.
TALEYARKHAN, PESTONJI JEHANGIR, KHAN BAHADUR (1833–)
Born 1833 : of an old and historical Parsi family : educated at the Elphinstone Institute and College : joined the Education Department as Assistant Professor : edited the Rast Goftar : became Alienation Settlement Officer : President, in the Baroda State, of the "Sirdars' Commission," to inquire into their grievances : and Military, Settlement, and Political Officer in Baroda, 1875 : made Khan Bahadur in 1879 : C.I.E. in 1882 : resigned the Baroda service, 1883 : appointed Talukdari Settlement Officer in Gujarat, etc.
TALEYARKHAN, SORABJI JEHANGIR (1836–1900)
A scholar of the Elphinstone Institution, Bombay : in Government service as Assistant Settlement Officer : joined the Baroda State Service and rose to be a Judge : introduced the Abkari system into the State : wrote the Representative Men of India : died Oct. 19, 1900.
TANNER, SIR ORIEL VIVEASH (1832–)
Entered the Bombay Army, 1851, and became Lt-General, 1892 : served in the Indian mutiny, 1858 : Afghan war, 1878–80 : commanded Quetta Division, 1883–8 : K.C.B., 1882.
TANTIA TOPI (1819?–1859)
A rebel leader in the mutiny : a Mahratta Brahman of Poona, in the service of Nana Sahib : he instigated the Cawnpur massacre of June 27, 1857 : commanded at the battle of Bithur on Aug. 16, won by Havelock after the re-occupation of Cawnpur : with the Gwalior Contingent,he made Gene- ral Windham (q.v.) retreat from Cawnpur, but was defeated by Sir Colin Campbell : with the Rani of Jhansi he was besieged by Sir Hugh Rose at Jhansi, but escaped and collected a force of 20,000 men, which Sir Hugh utterly routed : he intrigued against Sindia and seized the fortress of Gwalior, but Sir Hugh Rose retook it : he escaped into Central India, was defeated by Brigadier Robert Napier : evading pursuit for 10 months in Central India, Rajputana and Bundelkund, he was caught by Major Meade (q.v.) in the jungles on April 7, 1859, tried, convicted and executed on the 18th. He has been described as cruel and crafty and the only rebel leader who showed a real genius for war.
TARANATH TARKAVACHASPATI (1812–1885)
Born 1812 : educated at the Sanskrit College, Calcutta : went to Benares to study Vedanta philosophy : taught Sanskrit at his native village Kalna, Burdwan : made Professor of Grammar at the Sanskrit College : gained a reputation in Europe and India by his publication of ancient Sanskrit manuscripts : his Sanskrit dictionary occupied him for 12 years, and cost about Rs. 80,000; a monumental work, highly esteemed by European and Indian scholars : known as a great grammarian: died 1885.
TARKABARGIS, PREM CHAND (1806–1867)
Received his early education privately : studied the higher branches of literature in the Sanskrit College, Calcutta, under H. H. Wilson (q.v.) : was a favourite pupil, winning his esteem by proficiency in grammar, and translating Bengali passages into Sanskrit verse : was for 32 years Professor of Rhetoric in the Sanskrit College, discharging his duties with such zeal, assiduity and success as to gain the highest approbation of the Government, and public regard : he helped James Prinsep (q.v.) in bringing to light the pur-
