Mr. K. M. Chatfield : a teacher in the Elphinstone College, 1867–72, until he joined the bar as an Advocate : M.A. in 1868, and LL.B. in 1871 : studied English literature, philosophy and political economy, and became an accomplished public speaker and writer. He was also highly proficient in Sanskrit, and translated the Bhagavad Gita into English verse for Max Miiller's "Sacred Books of the East" : was very successful at the bar, and was frequently consulted by the Judges on points of Hindu Law. In politics he was generally on the side of the Opposition, and criticised the Salt Bill, the Revenue Jurisdiction Bill, the License Tax and the Cotton Duties : appointed a Law Professor, and a Fellow of the Bombay University, of which he ultimately became Vice-Chancellor. In 1882 he was a Member of the Education Commission : made a C.I.E. : in 1884 he became a member of the Bombay Legislative Council, and in 1889 a Judge of the High Court, Bombay. He helped to organize the Indian National Congress in 1885. In 1892 he was elected President of the Bombay branch of the Royal Asiatic Society : contributed to the Indian Antiquary : as lawyer, politician, scholar and social reformer he deserved well of his country : he died Sep. I, 1893 : he wrote Gleanings from Mahratta Chronicles.
TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BARONET (1826–1902)
I.C.S : eldest son of Richard Temple, of the Nash, Kempsey, Worcestershire : born March 8, 1826 : educated at Rugby and Haileybury : arrived in India, Jan. 1847 : he was soon transferred to the Panjab and chosen to be Secretary to the Panjab Government. In 1860 he became Chief Assistant to the Financial Members of Council, Mr. James Wilson (q.v.) and Mr. Samuel Laing (q.v.), Member of the Bengal Indigo Commission and other Commissions : in 1862 he was appointed Chief Commissioner of the Central Provinces, where he "initiated good government": Resident at Hyderabad, 1867 : Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, 1868 : Financial Member of Council, 1868–74, taking a leading part in advocating a legal tender gold currency for India. In Jan. 1874 he was appointed by Lord Northbrook to superintend the relief operations in the famine districts of Bengal, and was Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, April, 1874, to Jan. 1877. This was the first occasion on which complete measures were taken by Government to combat famine. The expenditure was very large, but success was fully attained. In Jan. 1877 Temple was deputed by the Government of India to Madras and Bombay, to advise on the famine-relief operations required in those Presidencies. He entered on the Governorship of Bombay on May I, 1877 : despatched thence the Indian troops to Malta in 1878, and afforded great assistance in the movements connected with the Afghan war. His statue was erected in Bombay by public subscription. He retired to England in March, 1880, to contest East Worcestershire as a Conservative, but was unsuccessful. He subsequently sat in Parliament for the Evesham Division of Worcestershire, 1885–92, and the Kingston Division of Surrey, 1892–5. For some years he was Vice-Chairman and Chairman of the Finance Committee of the London School Board. He travelled largely, and presided over and addressed many scientific and religious Societies and Associations connected with India. Among his literary works were : India in 1880 : Men and Events of my Time in India, 1882; Oriental Experiences, 1883; Cosmopolitan Essays, 1886; Journals kept in Hyderabad, Sikhim and Kashmir; The Story of my Life, 1896; A Bird's-eye View of Picturesque India, 1898; John Lawrence; James Thomason. He was made a C.S.I., 1866; K.C.S.I., 1867; a Baronet, 1876, for his famine services, and G.C.S.L, Jan. 1878 : also D.C.L. of Oxford, LL.D. of Cambridge, and F.R.S. On Jan. 8, 1896, he was sworn a member of the Privy Council, and retired from Parliament. He died at Heath Brow, Hampstead, on March 15, 1902. His activity and energy of mind and body, and the enormous capacity for work which had distinguished him in India were maintained to the last. His kindness of heart, geniality and moderation made him generally popular throughout his career.
TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD CARNAC, BARONET (1850–)
Born Oct. 15, 1850 : son of Sir Richard Temple, Bart, (q.v.), whom he succeeded in 1902 : educated at Harrow and Trinity Hall, Cambridge : entered the Army,
